Lecture 4: Organization of Pelvic Limb Flashcards
developmentally, dorsal components of pelvic limb are _____ in vivo and ventral components are ______
dorsal - cranial
ventral - caudal
the femur is connected to the acetabulum via…
ligament of the femoral head (which is a continuation of the transverse acetabular ligament)
main function of the superficial gluteal muscle (lateral muscles of pelvis)
primarily extend and abduct the hip
what is the primary innervation of the superficial gluteal muscle (lateral muscles of pelvis)
Cranial gluteal nerve
what is the origin and insertion for most superficial gluteal muscles
origin: ilium
insertion: greater trochanter
what are the superficial gluteal muscles (lateral muscles of pelvis)
Many people support terrible fads
- gluteus medius
- gluteus profundus
- tensor fasciae latae
- gluteus superficialis
what is the insertion point of the tensor fascia latae
fascia lata (and tibia)
what is the function of the tensor fasciae latae
flex hip, extend stiffle
what is the innervation of the gluteus superficialis
caudal gluteal nerve
what is the insertion of the gluteus superficialis
third trochanter
what muscle group is the primary ABductors of the hip
superficial gluteal muscles
what muscle group is the primary (lateral) rotators of the hip
deep gluteal muscles
what are the deep gluteal muscles
- gemelli
- obturator internus
- quadratus femoris
- obturator externus
only obvious queens get assasinated
what is the innervation of the deep gluteal muscles
sciatic n.
what is the origin of the deep gluteal muscles
ischium
what is the innervation of the obturator externus (a deep gluteal muscle)
obturator nerve, laterally rotates thigh
what is the articularis coxae
protects the hip joint capsule
what muscle group is the primary extensors of the hip
caudal thigh muscles
what are the caudal thigh muscles
- biceps femoris
- semimembranosus
- semitendinosus
what are the caudal thigh muscles innervated by
sciatic nerve
where do the caudal thigh muscles originate
partly originate from the ischial tuberosity
what is the cranial head of biceps femoris innervated by
caudal gluteal nerve
what is a muscle found only in felines that helps control and move the tail
caudofemoralis
what is a muscle found only in carnivores that helps abduct the leg, it is called the tenuissimus in cats
caudal crural abductor
what muscle group is the primary adductors of the hip
medial thigh muscles
what are the medial thigh muscles
- sartorius
- pectineus
- adductor
- gracillis
where do the medial thigh muscles originate
from the pelvis
what are the medial thigh muscles primarily innervated by
(pectinues, adductor, gracilis)
obturator nerve
in yellow
what is the origin of the sartorius
ilium
what is the innervation of the sartorius ( a medial thigh muscle)
shown in green
femoral nerve
what movements do the medial thigh muscle help with
adduct and extend the hip
what muscle group is the primary flexors of the hip
sublumbar muscles
what is the combined insertion tendon of the pelvic head (iliacus) and vertebral muscles(psoas major)
the two muscles that together form the hip flexor
iliopsoas
where does the iliopsoas insert
on the lesser trochanter of the femur
what is the innervation of iliopsoas
direct branches from the lumbosacral plexus and femoral nerve
name for the extensor muscles of the stiffle
quadriceps femoris
what is the origin of the cranial gluteal nerve
directly branches off the lumbosacral trunk
what muscles does the cranial gluteal nerve innervate
shown in red
- tensor fasciae latae
- gluteus medius
- gluteus profundus
what is the origin of the caudal gluteal nerve
directly branches off the lumbosacral trunk
what muscles does the caudal gluteal nerve innervate
- gluteal superficialis
- vertebral heads of origin of hamstring muscles
what muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate
deep gluteal muscles
caudal thigh muscles
what is the origin of the sciatic nerve
continuation off of the lumbosacral trunk
what is the origin of the obturator nerve
L4-L6 spinal nerves
what is the origin of the femoral nerve
same as obturator, L4-L6 spinal nerves
what muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve
- medial thigh (except for sartorius)
- obturator externus
what muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve
- psoas major
- sartorius
- quadriceps femoris
what nerve is shown in yellow
obturator
what nerve is pointed to by green arrow
femoral
what nerve is shown in red
cranial gluteal
what nerve is shown in blue
caudal gluteal
what nerve is pointed to in yellow
sciatic
what muscle is in purple
gracilis
what muscle is green
Sartorius (cranial+caudal)
what muscle is pink
Adductor
what muscle is light blue
pectineus
what muscle is shown in purple
biceps femoris
what muscle is shown in green
semitendinosus
what muscle is shown in pink
semimembranosus
what muscle is shown in pink
obturator internus
what muscle is shown in light blue
gemelli
what muscle is shown in purple
obturator externus
what muscle is shown in green
quadratus femoris
what does arrow point to
articularis coxae
- protects hip joint capsule
what is shown in purple
gluteus profundus
what muscle is shown in pink
gluteus medius
what muscle is shown in yellow
gluteus superficialis
what muscle is shown in blue
tensor fasciae latae
what joint is shown in yellow
Hip join (coxo-femoral)
what joint is pink
stifle (femoro-tibial)
what joint is green
Hock (talo-crural)
what joints are in the brown circle
inter-phalangeal joints
what joints are shown in brown (most distal circle)
interphalangeal joints
