Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANATOMY > Lecture 33-34: Urinary Microanatomy > Flashcards

Lecture 33-34: Urinary Microanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

____secrete urine

A

kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

_____ convey urine

A

ureters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

____ stores and discharges urine

A

bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_____ discharges urine

A

urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the outer layer of the kidney capsule is made up of what

A

fibroblasts and collagen fibers (protection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the inner layer of the kidney capsule is made up of what

A

myofibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what encompasses the parenchyma of the kidney

A

cortex and medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what makes up the renal lobe

A

renal pyramid + adjacent renal cortex + 1/2 column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

each renal lobe drains into _____

A

one minor calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the renal papilla is?

A

pyramid extension into the minor calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the area cribosa

A

surface of papilla w/ openings of papillary ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the path of urine

A

minor calyx –> major calyx –> renal pelvis –> ureter –> urinary bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the uriniferous tubule include

A

the nephron and collecting duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the purpose of the urinary space in the renal corpuscle?

A

conducts the ultrafiltrate to renal tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the glomerulus composed of?

A
  • fenestrated capillary bundle
  • afferent arteriole (enters)
    -efferent arteriole (exits)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the two layers of the glomerular capsule

A

parietal layer - simple squamous epithelium
visceral layer- layer of podocytes that covers the glomerulus

17
Q

what are pedicels

A

secondary processes of podocytes that interdigitate b/w podocytes

18
Q

what is the term for the gaps b/w pedicels

A

filtration slits

19
Q

what specialized cells are in the renal corpuscle

A

mesangial cells

20
Q

characteristics of the mesangial cells?

A
  • modified smooth muscle cells
  • secrete extracellular matrix (Mesangium) for support
  • regulate glomerular distension (contraction)
  • keep the glomerular filtration apparatus clean
21
Q

Function of the proximal tubule

A

reabsorption of ions and fluids and secretion of calcitriol

calcitriol = increases uptake of calcium and increases its concentration in blood

22
Q

histology characteristics of the proximal tubule

A
  • simple cuboidal epithelium
  • microvilli, irregular lumen
  • lateral and basal folds - no clear cell borders
  • high concentration of mitochondria, vesicles and lysosomes at the basal surface
23
Q

what is the function of the Thin loop of Henle

A

absorption of fluid by countercurrent exchange with the vasa recta, concentration of urine

countercurrent exchange = gradient-dependent transport of fluid into blood

24
Q

histology characteristics of thin loop of Henle

A
  • simple squamous epithelium (thin) facilitates countercurrent exchange
  • few short microvilli
25
Q

Function of the distal tubule

A
  • selective secretion and absorption of ions (osmoregulation)

Secretion to ultrafiltrate if high [ions] in blood
Absorption if low [ions] in blood

juxtaglomerular apparatus for sodium

26
Q

histology characteristics of distal tubule

A
  • simple cuboidal epithelium
  • few short microvilli (smaller and more regular border than proximal tubule)
  • later and basal folds - no clear cell borders
27
Q

blood supply to kidney

A
  • afferent arteriole (renal artery to glomerular capillaries)
  • efferent arteriole (glomerular capillaries to cortical and medullar capillaries)
28
Q

conduct urine into minor calices

A

collecting ducts

29
Q

Predominant cells of the collecting duct that are stimulated by ADH to provide water permeability

A

light cells

30
Q

cells of the collecting duct that are involved in acid-base balance. Secrete carbonate into urine to decrease blood pH. Secrete H+ into urine to increase blood pH

A

Dark cells

ANATOMY (58 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions