Lecture 28: Pelvis and Perineum I

Question 1

what is the pelvis comprised of

Answer 1

the dorsal, ventral and lateral walls of the pelvic cavity

Question 2

what is the perineum

Answer 2

caudal wall of pelvic cavity

Question 3

what bones is the boney pelvis made of

Answer 3

2 coxal bones, sacrum and 3-7 caudal vertebrae

Question 4

what makes up the pelvic girdle

Answer 4

2 coxal bones

Question 5

what bones make up the coxal bone

Answer 5

ilium + pubis + ischium

Question 6

what is the acetabulum?

Answer 6

where the ilium, ischium and pubis come together
where femoral head inserts

Question 7

bone of the rump

Answer 7

sacral tuber

Question 8

bone of the hip

Answer 8

coxal tuber

Question 9

bone of buttock

Answer 9

ischial tuber

Question 10

what joint is at the acetabulum

Answer 10

coxofemoral joint

Question 11

what 4 joints can be found in the boney pelvis

Answer 11

sacro-iliac joint
pelvic symphysis
acetabulum
intervertebral joints (bw sacral and caudal vertebrae)

Question 12

what is the most lateral layer of the pelvic wall, medial to the gluteal muscles, in large animals

Answer 12

sacrotuberous ligament

Question 13

cavity that articulates w/ the femur head

Answer 13

acetabulum

Question 14

term for muscles of the pelvic roof

Answer 14

sacrocaudalis ventralis

Question 15

term for the muscles of the lateral walls (pelvic diaphragm)

Answer 15

levator ani
coccygeus

Question 16

muscles of pelvic floor (ungulates)

Answer 16

obturator internus

Question 17

what is the origin of the sacrocaudalis ventralis

Answer 17

the lateral and medial aspect of the ventral surface of the sacrum

Question 18

what is the insertion point for the sacrocaudalis ventralis

Answer 18

traversal processes and the ventral surfaces of caudal vertebrae

Question 19

what is the innervation for the sacrocaudalis ventralis

Answer 19

caudal spinal nerves

Question 20

what is the action of the sacrocaudalis ventralis

Answer 20

flexion and lateral movements of the tail

Question 21

what is the long depressor of the tail, what is the short depressor?

Answer 21

sacrocaudalis lateralis (long)
sacrocaudalis medialis (Short0

Question 22

what is the origin of the coccygeus

Answer 22

medial surface of sacrotuberois ligament near the spine of ischium

Question 23

what is the insertion point for the coccygeus

Answer 23

the caudal vertebrae (1-4) and tail fascia

Question 24

what is the innervation for the coccygeus

Answer 24

caudal crectal nerve

Question 25

what is the action of the coccygeus

Answer 25

flexion and lateral movements of the tail

Question 26

what is the origin of the levator ani

Answer 26

medial surface of sacrotuberois ligament near the spine of ischium (same as coccygeus)

Question 27

what is the insertion point for the levator ani

Answer 27

deep part of the external anal sphnicter

Question 28

what innervates the levator ani

Answer 28

pudendal nerve

Question 29

what is the action of the levator ani

Answer 29

reduces partial prolapse of anus during defecation

Question 30

what is a diarthrosis joint

Answer 30

movable joint

Question 31

what joint(s) of the bony pelvis are Diarthrosis?

Answer 31

sacro-iliac joint b/w the sacral wing and sacral tuber

Question 32

what is an amphiarthrosis joint

Answer 32

a joint that only allows for very limited movement (usually cartilaginous)

Question 33

what joint(s) of the bony pelvis are amphiarthosis

Answer 33

pelvic symphysis

Question 34

what are synarthrosis joint?

Answer 34

immovable joints

Question 35

what joint(s) of the bony pelvis are synarthrosis?

Answer 35

acetabulum and intervertebral joint bw caudal and sacral vertebrae