Lecture 18: Heart + Some Lung Flashcards
what is the pericardium composed of
pleura
fibrous layer
parietal layer
what is the name for the visceral layer of tissue surrounding the heart
epicardium - layer closest to heart
the cranial vena cava brings blood from where to the right atrium
blood from the head, neck and forelimbs
the caudal vena cava brings blood from where to the right atrium
blood from the thorax and all things caudal to it
what valve is between the right atrium and right ventricle
tricuspid (R. Atrioventricular valve)
what valve is between the L. atrium and L. ventricle
Left Atrioventricular valve (bicuspid)
what brings blood from the R. Ventricle to the right and left pulmonary arteries
pulmonary trunk
what brings blood from the lungs to the L. atrium
R+L pulmonary veins
what is the paraconal interventricular artery
a branch of the left coronary artery
what is the embryological remnant of fetal heart circulation that forms a foramen ovale if it is not sealed all the way
Fossa Ovalis
where are pectinate muscles found
right auricle
- has ridges of pectinate muscles that end at the crista terminalis
what is the cristae terminalis
the boundary to the main compartment of the right atrium
control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles, prevent back flow
atrioventricular valves
structures that have 3 leaf-like shapes cusps that control blood flow from ventricles to higher pressure systems, also prevent backflow
aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves
what valve has only 2 components, the septal and parietal
left atrioventricular
what is the purpose of papillary muscles
they anchor and control the 3 atrioventricular cusps using tension in the chordae tendineae
irregular muscle bands that are apparent in the interventricular wall of the ventricles
trabecula carneae
One papillary muscle connects to ___ cusps and each cusp to ____ muscles
2 cusps, 2 muscles
name for the ‘buldging’ of the right ventricular wall
conus arteriosis
where do the coronary arteries originate
aortic semilunar valve
what is the largest surface artery of the heart
left coronary artery
what large artery separates the R & L ventricles (is found in the interventricular sulcus)
paraconal interventricular artery
artery that is found in the atrioventricular sulcus
circumflex artery
coronary blood is returned to the right atrium via the ??
coronary sinus
what vein is found in the ATRIOventricular sulcus with the circumflex artery
great cardiac vein
what tissue type is the aortic semilunar valve composed of
densely packed collagen and elastic fibers
what tissue type is the pulmonary semilunar valve composed of
densely packed collagen core w/ endothelial lining on both sides
fibrous skeleton (or rings) of the heart
formed from dense collagen that anchors muscle and supports the valves
What specialized muscle fibers are involved in the conduction of cardiac contractions
- Sinoatrial node - right atrial wall - contains pacemaker cells that rapidly depolarize
- Atrioventricular node and bundle - the only path of propagation of APs b/w atria and ventricles
- Purkinje fibers - from the apex, coordinate contraction along the ventricular walls
how does the heart end up surrounded by a double layer of pericardium?
as heart grows/twists, it expands next to the pericardial sac, so it gets surrounded by a double layer of pericardium
where is the sinoatrial node (SA node)
right atrial wall
this serves as the only path of propagation of APs b/w atria and ventricles, which are otherwise separated by CT
AV node and bundle
fibers from the apex that coordinate contraction along ventricular walls
Purkinje fibers
what type of axons does the vagus nerve carry and where do they synapse
what types of axons do the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerve carry and where do they synapse
two locations the great cardiac veins can be seen
in the interventricular sulcus w/ paraconal interventricular artery
in the atrioventricular sulcus w/ circumflex artery
