Lecture 32

Question 1

What are Emotions?

Answer 1

Positive or negative feeling (affect) states, which are associated with a pattern of cognitive, physiological, and behavioral reactions

Question 2

What do emotions involve?

Answer 2

A heightened state of arousal and promote certain patters of action/behavior

Question 3

What can Negative emotions do?

Answer 3

Narrow our focus

Question 4

What is Weapon Focus?

Answer 4

Victims of robberies often remember excessive details about a weapons used but little else

Question 5

What can Positive emotions do?

Answer 5

Broaden thinking and promote exploration/skill learning

Question 6

What can Eliciting Stimuli be?

Answer 6

Internal or External

Question 7

What are Cognitive Appraisals?

Answer 7

Interpretation and meaning we attach to stimuli

Question 8

What do Cognitive appraisals do?

Answer 8

Influence reactions, expressions and actions

Question 9

What can Emotions do within the body?

Answer 9

Produce bodily changes, which can involve various physiological mechanisms

Question 10

How do different emotions affect Subcortical Structures?

Answer 10

Destruction or stimulation of particular parts of the lambic system can produce aggression

Question 11

How do Cortical Structures affect emotions?

Answer 11

The prefrontal cortex is involved in regulating emotion via its connections with the subcortical structures

Question 12

How do Neurotransmitters affect Emotion?

Answer 12

Dopamine and endorphins may help shape our experience of pleasurable emotions, serotonin, and norepinephrine make similar contributions to anger

Question 13

What are the Dual Pathways for emotions?

Answer 13

One to the Amygdala and one to the Cerebral Cortex

Question 14

What does the Emotion Pathway to the Amygdala do?

Answer 14

Allows processing of input before interpretation by cortex would be possible

Question 15

What does the emotion pathway to the Cerebral Cortex to?

Answer 15

Accounts for conscious interpretation, and involve feedback processes which can modulate physiology, and flexibility for response

Question 16

When is the Left Hemisphere of the brain activated with Emotions?

Answer 16

Positive Emotions

Question 17

When is the right hemispheres activated in Emotions?

Answer 17

Negative emotions

Question 18

When does Autonomic activity increase?

Answer 18

When afraid which is related to the fight it flight response

Question 19

What do Polygraphs test for?

Answer 19

Autonomic response to gauge lying, yet can’t produce high rates of false positive

Question 20

What do Expressive behaviors do?

Answer 20

Communicate information about our internal state and allow for inferences about the emotions of others

Question 21

What do Instrumental behaviors do?

Answer 21

Involve action

Question 22

What can the Presentation of emotions in other produce?

Answer 22

A similar state in ourselves (empathy) likely due to mirror neurons

Question 23

What are the Characteristics of Facial Expressions?

Answer 23

Universal

Innate

Question 24

What is the James Lange theory about emotions?

Answer 24

Emotions attributed entirely to physiological reactions

Question 25

What is the Cannon-Bard theory about Emotions?

Answer 25

Emotions can be attributed to both a physiological and cognitive component that are independent

Question 26

What is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis?

Answer 26

Muscular feedback serves as a source a source of information that influences our emotional state. This is an example of embodied cognition

Question 27

What do Cognitive affective theories emphasize?

Answer 27

Emphasize the way in which physiology and cognition interact

Question 28

What does Schachters Two-Factor Theory of Emotion suggest?

Answer 28

Physiological arousal: tells us how strongly we feel

Situational factors: tells us what we feel