Lecture 26 Flashcards
What is Escape conditioning?
Learn response to terminate aversive stimuli (e.g. aloe on sunburn)
What is Avoidance conditioning?
Learn response to avoid aversive stimuli (e.g putting sunburn on beforehand)
What are the two factors of the theory of avoidance?
- Initial association between stimuli develops
- Negative reinforcement maintains avoidant response
What is Specialized animal training?
Training animals to perform certain tasks that assist people with various kinds of disabilities
What is Behaviour Modification, applied behaviour analysis?
Involves using principles of conditioning to stop behaviour considered problematic
What is Token Economy?
Reinforcing good behaviour with tokens that can be exchanged for tangible rewards
What is one limitation to Token Economy?
It often does not change behaviour in the long run
What is Biological Preparedness?
Evolutionary pressures have ‘prewired’ us to more easily learn behaviours related to survival
What is instinctive drift?
The idea that conditioned responses have a tendency to drift back toward instinctive behaviour
What is the Cerebellum involved in?
Acquiring classical conditioning based association
What is the Hippocampus important for?
Encoding explicit memories
What is the Amygdala important for?
Fear conditioning
What is Dopamine important for?
General reward activity for learning in many contexts
What is Fear Conditioning?
Learning aversive association with stimuli
What are Mirror Neurons?
Neurons that fire when we perform certain actions as well as observe other engaging in a range of behaviours
What are Cognitive Maps?
Sophisticated mental representations of spatial layouts which they an use to flexibly navigate their environment
What is Insight learning?
The sudden realization of some useful source of information and/or relationship that helps us solve a problem
What is Latent Learning?
Learning that takes place at one time but is not demonstrated until a later point in time
What is Observational Learning?
Learning that occurs by watching others modelling particular kinds of behaviour
What does Social Cognitive theory focus on?
The roles play by social learning, cognition, and self regulation in predicting/explaining learning behaviour
What are the four stages that modelling can influence behaviour is social cognitive theory?
Attention
Retention
Reproduction
Motivation
