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Psychology 104 > Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the Somatic Division of the PNS allow us to do?

A

Sense and respond to our environment via two kinds of nerves

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2
Q

What are the 2 nerves of the Somatic division?

A

Sensory Nerves

Motor Nerves

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3
Q

What does the Autonomic nervous system do?

A

Control the body’s internal environment. e.g. respiration, circulation, digestion, motivation, emotion, stress

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4
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous system

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5
Q

What does the Parasympathetic nervous system do?

A

Inhibits/calms

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6
Q

What does the Sympathetic nervous system do?

A

Excites/activates

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7
Q

What can Neuropsychological tests be used to measure?

A

Verbal and non-verbal behaviours

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8
Q

What can Neurospychological tests allow for?

A

Inferences about things like cognition, brain function

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9
Q

What did Destruction and Stimulation allow for?

A

Can examine known areas of damage and can also stimulate areas with electricity/chemicals

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10
Q

What do Electroencephalograms do?

A

Records the electro activity of thousands of neurons

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11
Q

What do some EEG patters correspond to?

A

Particular states of consciousness

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12
Q

What do event-related potentials (ERP) measure?

A

Neural response to specific events

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13
Q

What is Computerized Tomography (CT)?

A

Using multiple x-rays taking of narrow slices of brain that are then put together to form a highly detailed anatomical image

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14
Q

What is Positron Emission Tomography (PET)?

A

A Person is injected with a harmless radioactive tracer, which can be used to provide a measure of blood flow.

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15
Q

What can changes in blood flow used to infer?

A

Changes in brain activity because blood flow increases to parts of the brain that become more active. It can also measure metabolism and neurotransmitter activity

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16
Q

What is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) used to measure?

A

Biological structures by measuring response to magnetic pulses

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17
Q

What does Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging measure (fMRI)?

A

Neural activity by detection changes in the magnetic response of hemoglobin (which changes as oxygen is ‘taken up’ by active parts of the brain)

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18
Q

What is included in the Brain Stem?

A

Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Cerebellum

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19
Q

What does Medulla control?

A

Heart and respiration, thoroughfare for sensory/motor nerve tracts

20
Q

What does the Pons do?

A

Regulate sleep, dreaming, and respiration

21
Q

What does the Cerebellum control?

A

Muscular movement (particularly reflexive/autonomics/rapid) coordination, learning/memory

22
Q

What is the Purpose of the Midbrain?

A

Sensory Relay Station, Consciousness

23
Q

What is the Reticular Formation important for?

A

Consciousness and attention. It is also the relay centre for vision and audition (motor neurons that control eye movements)

24
Q

What does the Ascending portion of the Reticular Formation do?

A

Sends input to higher regions

25
Q

What does the Descending portion of the Reticular Formation do?

A

Admits of blocks signal

26
Q

What does the Forebrain include?

A

Thalamus
Basal Ganglia
Hypothalamus

27
Q

What does the Thalamus do?

A

Routes sensory information, acts like a ‘sensory switchboard’

28
Q

What does the Basal Ganglia do?

A

Controls voluntary muscle movement, also plays a role in learning/reward

29
Q

What is the Hypothalamus important for?

A

Important for controlling biological drives: eating drinking, sexual behaviour, temperature regulation, aggression

30
Q

How does the Hypothalamus affect hormones?

A

Via its connection with pituitary gland

31
Q

What can destruction/stimulation of various part of the Hypothalamus do?

A

Modulate motivated behaviours

32
Q

What does the Limbic System include?

A

The Hippocampus
Amygdala
Nucleus Accumbent

33
Q

What is the Hippocampus important for?

A

Forming/retrieving memories and navigation

34
Q

What does the Amygdala do?

A

Organizes emotional response patters (particularly aggression/fear)

35
Q

What is the Nucleus Accumbent important for?

A

Behaviours associated with reward/motivation (involved with dopamine release)

36
Q

What are the 4 Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex?

A

Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal

37
Q

What is the is Frontal lobe important for?

A

Execution function (planning, attention, reasoning, judgement, problem solving etc.), self-awareness, speech, skeletal motor function, emotional regulation

38
Q

What is the Parietal lobe important for?

A

Body sensations, integration of sensory information (touch, pain, pressure, temperature)

39
Q

What is the Temporal responsible for?

A

Contains the primary auditory cortex, complex visual processing, memory, language

40
Q

What does the Occipital lobe do?

A

Contains the primary visual cortex (basic visual processing)

41
Q

What does the Primary motor cortex do?

A

Controls voluntary movement of over 600 muscles

42
Q

Where is the Primary Motor Cortex located?

A

Located at the rear of the frontal lobe

43
Q

What is the function of the Somatic Sensory Cortex?

A

Receive sensory input from various regions of the body e.g. Touch, heat, cold, balance

44
Q

Where is the Somatic Sensory Cortex found?

A

In the parietal lobe

45
Q

What do both the Somatic sensory and motor cortex receive?

A

Receive contralateral input and have an amount of cortex devoted to each body part that is proportionate to sensitivity

46
Q

What is Contralateral Input?

A

Signals sent to/received from on side of the body are processed in the opposite hemisphere

Psychology 104 (33 decks)

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