Lecture 27 Flashcards
What is Memory?
A collection of processes that allow us to record and retrieve information
What provided early evidence for dissociable memory systems?
The idea that people could do specific tasks but had no recollection of where they learned to do the task
What are the 3 Components of the Modal memory system?
Sensory Memeory
Short-Term Memory (working memory)
Long-Term Memory
What are the Stages of Memory?
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
What is Encoding?
Translating information into neural code
What is Storage?
Maintaining information across time
What is Retrieval?
Pulling information out of storage
What does Sensory Memory Registers do?
Briefly hold sensory information
What is the function of Iconic Memory?
Store visual information
Only lasts for fractions of seconds
What is the function of Echoic Memory?
Store auditory information
Lasts about 2 seconds
What are the many different ways to represent information known as?
Memory Codes
What are the different types of Memory Codes?
Visual encoding
Phonological encoding
Semantic encoding
Motor encoding
What is Visual encoding?
Mental images
What is Phonological encoding?
Sounds
What is Semantic encoding?
Meaning
What is Motor encoding?
Movements
What is Short-term memory (STM)?
Memory that temporarily holds limited amounts of various kinds of information that we are consciously aware of 20s
What Overlaps with Working Memory (WM)?
Short Term memory
What is Chunking?
Involved combining individual items into larger units of meaning to facilitate encoding/retrieval
What are the ways to maintain STM?
Maintenance Rehearsal
Elaborative Rehearsal
What is Maintenance Rehearsal?
Simple written repetition
What is Elaborative Rehearsal?
Actively manipulating information
What does Working Memory involve?
The active processing, manipulation, transformation and or integration of various kinds of information we are consciously aware (ex. solving math problems, visualizing a route)
What are the 3 components of Working Memory?
The central executive
Visual-spatial sketchpad
Phonological loop
What is the Central Executive?
Direct attention, control flow of information
What is the Central executive controlled by?
The prefrontal cortex
What does the Visual Spatial sketchpad do?
Processes visually-based information, mental images, spatial information
What does the Phonological loop do?
Process auditory based information
