Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

school > lecture 21- community ecology > Flashcards

lecture 21- community ecology Flashcards

1
Q

what is a community

A

all the populations of different species that live and interact in the same place at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is interspecific competition

A

when different species compete for a particular resource that is in short supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is competitive exclusion

A

local elimination of one of the two competing species
one is better/stronger than the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is an ecological niche

A

all of the organism’s use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment
optimal conditions that are characteristic of a species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the competitive exclusion principle

A

two species cant coexist in a community of their niches are identical, too much competition
two species can coexist if their niches are different

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a fundamental niche

A

potential ecological niche for an organism if it had no competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a realized niche

A

the niche the organism actually occupies in the presence of competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

can ecologically similar species coexist

A

yes if theres one or more significant difference in their niche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is resource partitioning

A

differentiation of niches
sharing of resources but the areas dont overlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is character displacement

A

tendency of characteristics to be more divergent in sympatric populations compared to allopatric populations
competing species evolve different niches to avoid competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

will species that live together have greater differences than species that apart

A

yes there is less niche overlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does natural selection affect predation

A

it shapes the body forms and behaviours of both predator and prey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the prey strategies

A

coloration
mimicry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is aposematic coloration

A

warning coloration
bright colors signify chemical defences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is cryptic coloration

A

camouflage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is batesian mimicry

A

harmless species imitating a harmful species

17
Q

what is mullerian mimicry

A

when two harmful species resemble eachother

18
Q

what do plants do to prevent being eaten

A

evolution of spines and tough leaves
chemical defenses

19
Q

what is commensalism

A

one species benefits while the other is not harmed

20
Q

what is coevolution

A

the evolution of two species where they both depend on the other one evolving to evolve

21
Q

what is a dominant species

A

species that is the most abundant or has the most biomass

22
Q

what is a keystone species

A

not most abundant but have important ecological roles

23
Q

what is a food web

A

movement of energy from one species to another in the community
move complex and accurate than food chain

24
Q

what is ecological succession

A

transition in species composition in disturbed area over time

25
Q

what are the steps of primary succession

A

primary succession begins in lifeless area where there is no soil
only autotrophic prokaryotes are present
mosses and lichen colonize and create soil
then growth of grass, shrubs and trees

26
Q

what are the steps of secondary succession

A

the soil is left intact after disturbance
herbaceous species grow first
woody shrubs replace herbs
trees replace shrubs

27
Q

what is it called when the community is stable

A

climax community

28
Q

what is a biome

A

climax community that has remained stable for a long time

29
Q

are disturbances good for the ecosystem

A

yes, they allow a large variability in species composition

30
Q

why are human disturbances bad

A

they usually reduce species diversity greatly

31
Q

types of human disturbances

A

agriculture
forest clearing
ocean trawling

32
Q

what is eutrophication and steps

A

excess algal growth (from increased nitrates and phosphates from chemicals) that prevents sunlight from passing through and reaching bottom of lake
bacteria will break down the dead algae and use up all the oxygen
oxygen poor environment: organisms cant live there

school (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions