lecture 1&2

Question 1

all cells have

Answer 1

plasma membrane, genetic information (dna), cytoplasm (mass body), protein synthesis (ribosomes)

Question 2

cell theory is

Answer 2

cells are the smallest unit of life, they come from pre existing cells and they make up all living things

Question 3

what are the seven characteristics of life

Answer 3

1. cells and organization (one or more cells with ordered structures)
2. energy use and metabolism (chemical energy from food or light power the organism)
3. response to environmental changes (react to internal or external environment like odour, light and temp.)
4. regulation and homeostasis (maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting physiological processes)
5. growth and development (changes: specialized cells)
6. reproduction (asexual or sexual)
7. biological evolution (population having adaptive traits that ensure survival and reproduction in their env.)

Question 4

what is indeterminate growth

Answer 4

growth that doesn’t stop

Question 5

what is determinate growth

Answer 5

growth that will stop based on genetics

Question 6

what does dna stand for

Answer 6

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 7

what are the four nucleotides that consist dna

Answer 7

adenine (A) guanine (G) thymine (T) cytosine (C)

Question 8

what’s the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 8

prokaryotic cells have a free floating dna while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus which contains the dna

Question 9

how do the sizes of viruses, bacterias and eukaryotic cells compare

Answer 9

eukaryotic > bacteria > virus

Question 10

what is a tissue

Answer 10

groups of cells performing a specific function

Question 11

what is an organ

Answer 11

group of tissue performing a specific function

Question 12

what is a community

Answer 12

groups of different organisms living together and interacting

Question 13

what is an ecosystem

Answer 13

community of organisms in a particular area and their interactions with their physical surroundings

Question 14

what is natural selection

Answer 14

1. organisms in a population have varying traits
2. organisms who have the traits that allow them to survive in the environment will reproduce
3. the adaptive genes are passed on

Question 15

what is the form and function adaptation

Answer 15

an evolution that changes the shape of a body part to better fit the function of the part (aerodynamic wings)

Question 16

how do you name a species

Answer 16

Genus + species

Question 17

what are the three domains

Answer 17

eukarya, bacteria, archae

Question 18

what kingdoms are associated with eukarya

Answer 18

protista
plantae
fungi
animalia

Question 19

what are the kingdoms associated with bacteria and archae

Answer 19

bacteria: eubacteria
archae: archaebacteria

Question 20

what does dumb kings play chess on fine grain sand stand for

Answer 20

domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 21

what is constantly recycled in an ecosystem

Answer 21

nutrients (they pass through biotic and abiotic forms)

Question 22

what process does energy go through

Answer 22

it enters as light, flows through the living organisms and is lost as heat

Question 23

what is a producer

Answer 23

photosynthetic organism
convert light energy into chemical energy
autotrophs (self feeding)
plants, algae

Question 24

what is a consumer

Answer 24

feed on producers and other consumers
can’t produce energy
heterotrophs (energy from others)
animals

Question 25

what is a decomposer

Answer 25

break down dead organic matter
recycle nutrients
heterotrophs (feed on dead stuff)
bacteria, fungi