Lecture #1 -- Virology Flashcards

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1
Q

True or False. A virus can contain both RNA and DNA.

A

False. A virus can contain RNA or DNA

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2
Q

How did the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses split viruses up?

A

Order, Family, Subfamily, Genus, Species

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3
Q

How are viruses split up using the Baltimore method?

A

Families based on type of genetic material (dsDNA, ssDNA, etc.)

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4
Q

Describe the difference between a + and - sense strand.

A

+ sense strand matches the desired mRNA sequence. - sense strand is complementary.

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5
Q

What are the small types of viral genomes?

A

RNA ss +/-, RNA ds

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6
Q

What are the larger types of viral genomes?

A

DNA ss, DNA ds

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7
Q

What are caspids made of?

A

Viral Proteins

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8
Q

Name two types of caspids. Give an example of each.

A

Helical (TMV) and Icosahedron (Adenovirus)

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9
Q

What are icosahedrons made of?

A

Proteins –> Protomers –> Pentomers/Hexomers

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10
Q

Perks of a caspid?

A

More stable to environmental pressures (acidity, temp, proteases, detergents), increased survival in gut.

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11
Q

Probs for a virus with a caspid?

A

Virus is more vulnerable to Ab

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12
Q

What do you call a virus without an envelope?

A

Naked

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13
Q

What is a viral envelope made of?

A

Lipid, Protein, Glycoproteins

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14
Q

What components of the envelope are viral?

A

Proteins are viral. Membrane is from the host.

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15
Q

What type of virus will always have an envelope?

A

Negative strand RNA viruses.

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16
Q

What does an envelope allow?

A

Virus can spread without killing the host cell.

17
Q

Three stages listed for viral replication?

A

Recognition/Attachment, Penetration/Uncoating, Macromolecular Synthesis

18
Q

What are two ways recognition/attachment can happen?

A

Enveloped viruses dock into the cell. Naked viruses bind onto receptors for endocytosis.

19
Q

How do nonenveloped viruses conduct penetration/uncoating?

A

Endocytosis or viropexis

20
Q

How do enveloped viruses conduct penetration/uncoating?

A

If acidic, endocytosis + fusion with endosome.

If neutral, fuse at cell surface.