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BIOL 201 > Lec 28 > Flashcards

Lec 28 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle cells are used by

A

Vertebrates

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2
Q

Muscles purposes

A

Flexing and extension

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3
Q

During flexing biceps

A

Contract while triceps relax

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4
Q

During extension biceps

A

Relax while triceps contract

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5
Q

3 types of muscles

A

Cardiac muscle cells

Skeletal muscle cells

Smooth muscle cells

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6
Q

Contents of muscle cells/fiber

A

Bundle of muscle fibers

One muscle fiber

Nucleus

Plasma membrane

Myofibril

Sarcomere

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7
Q

Long cells are formed by

A

Cell fusion

Cell growth

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8
Q

Myoblasts fuse to make

A

Muscle cells

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9
Q

Muscle cells have several

A

Nuclei (plenty of DNA to make RNA to make proteins)

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10
Q

Myofibrils

A

cm to meters long

Contains sarcomeres which is the stripes that contains actin and myosin for contraction

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11
Q

ER of muscle cells

A

Stores calcium

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12
Q

Heart muscle cells have

A

Mitochondria (make ATP)

Glycogen/Lipids (fuel)

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13
Q

Sarcomere structure

A

Z discs

Have one on each end

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14
Q

What is connected to z discs

A

Actin filaments connected from their plus end

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15
Q

What is connected to the actin

A

Myosin that is in the middle

Known as the thick filament

Double headed, plus ended myosin

Heads interact with actin

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16
Q

Titins

A

Connects thick filaments to z discs like a spring

Our largest protein

17
Q

Tropomyosins

A

Conceal the myosin-binding sites of actin filaments

18
Q

Troponin complexes

A

Regulate tropomyosin

19
Q

Each thin filament is made of

A

One actin filament

Tropomyosin

Troponin complexes

20
Q

Contraction

Resting muscle cell

A

Tropomyosin are in the way

21
Q

Contraction

Thin filament activation

A

Ca++ increases by being released from the ER

Troponins activated

Tropomyosin moved, exposing actin filament and allowing for thick filament to be activated

22
Q

Thick filament activation

Contraction

A

Myosin heads take turns walking along actin

23
Q

Sarcomere contraction

A

Myosin pull Z discs together

24
Q

Sarcomere movement leads to the whole cell

A

Contracting

25
Q

Light muscle bands

A

Z-discs

26
Q

Dark muscle bands

A

Thick filaments

27
Q

AS the sarcomeres contract

A

The light bands shrink

28
Q

Increase calcium means

A

All sarcomeres in cell contract

29
Q

Decrease calcium means

A

All the sarcomeres have contracted

BIOL 201 (44 decks)

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