LB 3-11 Flashcards
Muscles that have both their origins and insertions on parts of the axial skeleton
Axial muscles
Muscles that control the movements of the upper and lower limbs, and stabilize and control the movements of the pectoral and pelvic girdles
Appendicular muscles
The less moveable attachment of a muscle
origin
The more moveable attachment of the muscle
insertion
In muscle movement, the ________ is pulled toward the _______
insertion, origin
What are the four patterns of fascicle arrangement
circular, parallel, convergent, and pennate
Muscle that has concentrically arranged fibers around an opening or recess
circular muscle
The fascicles in a _______ muscle run parallel to its long axis
parallel
What type of movement are circular muscles responsible for
decreasing passageway diameter
Another name for circular muscle
sphincter
Obicularis oris is an example of _______ muscle
circular muscle
What type of movement are parallel muscles responsible for
muscle increases in diameter when contracted, high endurance but not strong.
Rectus Abdonimus and biceps brachii are examples of _______ muscle
parallel muscles.
A ________ muscle has widespread muscle fibers over a broad area that converge on a common attachment site
convergent muscle
What type of movement are convergent muscles responsible for
various directions and intensities of pull.
An example of convergent muscles is the
pectoralis major of the chest
________ muscle fascicles exhibit the same angle with respect to their tendon—that is, they resemble a large feather
Pennate muscles
What type of movement are pennate muscles responsible for
pulling at an angle to the tendon
What are the three types of pennate muscles
unipennate, bipennate, multipennate
Type of pennate muscle in which all of the muscle fibers are on the same side of the tendon
unipennate muscle
The extensor digitorum, a long muscle that extends the fingers, is an example of a _________ muscle
unipennate
The most common type of pennate muscle, has muscle fibers on both sides of the tendon
bipennate muscle
The interosseous muscles on both the palmar and dorsal sides of the metacarpals that help adduct and abduct the digits are composed of ______ muscles
bipennate
Type of muscle that has branches of the tendon within the muscle
multipennate muscle.
The triangular deltoid that covers the superior surface of the shoulder joint is a _______ muscle
multipennate
A way for medication to be administered into skeletal muscle
intramuscular injection
Why is intramuscular injection used
large amount of medication can be delivered slowly and uniformly
Unilateral nerve paralysis of an unknown origin characterized by drooping of one side of the mouth
Bell’s palsy
“Wryneck,” a condition where a newborn presents with a shortened and tightened sternocleidomastoid muscle that may persist into childhood
congenital muscular torticollis
The condition in which a portion of the viscera, particularly the intestine, protrudes through a weakened point of the muscular wall of the abdominopelvic cavity
hernia
Muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement
agonist muscle
Muscle whose actions oppose that of the agonist
antagonist muscle
Muscle that assists the agonist in performing its action
synergistic muscle
“Tennis elbow”, a painful condition resulting from overuse of the common extensor tendon of the posterior forearm muscles
Lateral Epicondylitis
