Lab Test 1 CH5 Flashcards
1
Q
lining against the organ
A
Visceral pleura
2
Q
lining against the cavity wall
A
Parietal pleura
3
Q
lining against the heart
A
Visceral pericardium
4
Q
lining against the pericardial cavity
A
Parietal pericardium
5
Q
lining against the abdominal organs
A
Visceral peritoneum
6
Q
lining against the abdominal cavity
A
Parietal peritoneum
7
Q
cell feature to increase surface area
A
microvilli
8
Q
cell feature to produce mucus
A
goblet cells
9
Q
location of adipose tissue
A
subcutaneous layer
10
Q
Location of Simple squamous epithelium
A
alveoli
11
Q
Location of Simple cuboidal epithelium
A
lining thyroid gland
12
Q
Location of Simple columnar epithelium
A
stomach
13
Q
Location of Stratified squamous epithelium
A
skin
14
Q
Location of Transitional epithelium
A
Urinary bladder
15
Q
Location of Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
A
Nasal cavity
16
Q
Location of Glandular epithelium
A
thyroid gland
17
Q
Nucleation of skeletal muscle
A
multinucleated
18
Q
Nucleation of smooth muscle
A
uninucleated
19
Q
Nucleation of cardiac muscle
A
1 or 2 nucleii
20
Q
Cells of adipose tissue
A
adipocytes
21
Q
Function of tactile corpuscle
A
superficial touch
22
Q
Function of lanellated corpuscle
A
deep touch
23
Q
Function of free nerve endings
A
sense pain
24
Q
A collection of cells that perform a specific function
A
tissue
25
Study of tissues
histology
26
Three cell shapes for epithelial tissue
i. Squamous: squished, flat cell
ii. Cuboidal: cube shaped
iii. Columnar: column shaped
27
Four cell arrangements of epithelial tissue
i. Simple: one row of cells, all cells reach apical surface and all cells reach basal surface
ii. Stratified: more than one row of cells, not all cells reach apical surface, not all cells reach basal surface
iii. Pseudostratified: not all cells reach apical surface, all cells reach basal surface, cells have different heights
iv. Transitional: looks different every time you look at it, transitions from simple, stratified, and pseudostratified
28
squished, flat cell epithelial cells
Squamous
29
cube shaped epithelial cells
Cuboidal
30
column shaped epithelial cells
Columnar
31
Epithelial arrangement, one row of cells, all cells reach apical surface and all cells reach basal surface
Simple
32
Epithelial arrangement, more than one row of cells, not all cells reach apical surface, not all cells reach basal surface
Stratified
33
Epithelial arrangement, not all cells reach apical surface, all cells reach basal surface, cells have different heights
Pseudostratified
34
Epithelial arrangement, looks different every time you look at it, transitions from simple, stratified, and pseudostratified
Transitional
35
Unicellular glands that secrete mucin
goblet cells
36
Tissues that are exposed to an external surface to move mucus and substances along the surface of tissue (eg mucus in throat)
Location of cilia
37
Tissues that absorb nutrients where increased surface area is needed, eg lining of small intestine
Location of microvilli
38
Composed of cells, protein fibers, and ground substances
components that make up connective tissue
39
stationary cells permanently housed within the connective tissue
Resident cells
40
unbranched, cable-like fibers that are resistant to stretching
Collagen fiber in connective tissue
41
similar to collagen but thinner fiber that form an interwoven framework
Reticular fiber in connective tissue
42
contain protein elastin, fibers branch and rejoin and appear wavy, fibers stretch and recoil easily
Elastic fiber in connective tissue
43
negatively charged, attract and absorb water
Glycosaminoglycans in ground tissue
44
negatively charged molecules that spread out and occupy a lot of space
Proteoglycan in ground tissue
45
act like glue to bond connective tissues to ground substances
Adherent glycoproteins in ground tissue
46
Connective tissue divided into two broad groups: loose and dense. Loose contains few fibers and more ground substance (adipose). Dense contains more fibers and less ground substance
Connective tissue proper
47
connective tissue divided into bone, a solid matrix, and cartilage, a semisolid matrix
Supporting connective tissue
48
connective tissue divided into blood and lymph
Fluid connective tissue
49
highly vascularized, ground substance is abundant and highly viscous, found nearly everywhere in the body in skin, surrounding organs, in nerve, muscle, and blood vessels
Areolar connective tissue
50
highly vascularized connective tissue composed of adipocytes, stores energy, cushions and protects. Found in subcutaneous layer and covers some organs
Adipose tissue
51
viscous ground substance, scattered arrangement of reticular fibers, leukocytes, and some fibroblasts. Provides supportive framework to lymphatic organs. Located in spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow
Reticular connective tissue
52
Densely packed, parallel arrays of collagen fibers; fibroblasts squeezed between layers of fibers; scarce ground substance; greatly reduced blood supply. Attaches bone to bone (ligament) as well as muscle to bone (tendon); resists stress applied in one direction Located in Tendons; ligaments
Dense regular connective tissue
53
Collagen fibers randomly arranged and clumped together; fibroblasts in spaces among fibers; more ground substance than in dense regular connective tissue; extensive blood supply. Withstands stresses applied in all directions; durable. Located in most of dermis of skin; periosteum covering bone; perichondrium covering cartilage, some organ capsules
Dense irregular connective tissue
54
Predominantly composed of elastic fibers; fibroblasts occupy some spaces between fibers. Allows for stretching and recoil. Located in walls of elastic arteries (such as the aorta), trachea, vocal cords
Elastic connective tissue
55
Glassy-appearing matrix; irregularly arranged chondrocytes in lacunae; usually covered by perichondrium. Provides support; forms most of fetal skeleton. Located in tip of nose; trachea; most of larynx, costal cartilage; articular ends of long bones; most of fetal skeleton
Hyaline cartilage
56
Abundant elastic fibers that form weblike mesh; chondrocytes in lacunae; perichondrium present. Maintains shape while permitting extensive flexibility. Located in external ear; epiglottis of larynx
Elastic cartilage
57
Readily visible, numerous parallel collagen fibers; large chondrocytes in lacunae; no perichondrium. Resists compression; acts as shock absorber in some joints. Located in intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; menisci of knee joints
Fibrocartilage
58
Calcified extracellular matrix containing osteocytes trapped in lacunae; compact bone arranged in osteons (concentric lamellae arranged around a central canal). Provides levers for body movement, supports soft structures, protects organs, stores calcium and phosphorus; spongy bone contains hemopoietic tissue and is the site for hemopoiesis. Located in bones of the body
Compact bone
59
Contains formed elements (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets); dissolved protein within a liquid ground substance called plasma. Erythrocytes transport respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide); leukocytes help protect the body from infectious agents and platelets help with blood clotting. Dissolved protein fibers will coalesce and help with blood clotting when needed. Plasma transports nutrients, wastes, and hormones throughout the body. Located primarily within blood vessels and in the heart; leukocytes also located in lymphatic structures and organs, and can migrate to infected or inflamed tissues of the body
Blood
60
Cylindrical structures that form compact bone
osteon
61
bone cells
Osteocytes
62
small spaces that house osteocytes
Lacunae
63
encircled by lamellae and houses blood vessels and nerves
Central canal
64
concentric rings of bone connective tissue composed of osteocytes
Lamellae
65
tiny, interconnecting channels within the bone tissue that extend from lamellae
Canaliculi
66
Long, cylindrical, striated fibers (cells) arranged parallel and unbranched; fibers are multinucleated; fiber is under voluntary control Primarily responsible for moving skeleton and selected other components of the body. Attaches to bones or sometimes to skin (e.g., facial muscles)
Skeletal muscle
67
Nonstriated cells that are short and fusiform in shape; contain one centrally located nucleus; under involuntary control Moves and propels materials through internal organs; controls the size of the lumen Located in walls of hollow internal organs, such as intestines, stomach, airways, urinary bladder, uterus, and blood vessels
Smooth muscle
68
Short, striated cells typically branching; cells contain one or two centrally located nuclei; intercalated discs between cells; under involuntary control. Pumps blood through heart. Located in heart wall (myocardium).
Cardiac muscle
69
reflect the overlapping pattern of parallel thick and thin contractile protein filaments
Striations
70
intercellular junctions between the cells composed of desmosomes and gap junctions
Intercalated discs
71
conduct nerve impulses
Neurons
72
don't send signals, support neurons
Neuroglial cells
73
Location of Areolar connective tissue
in skin
74
Location of adipose tissue
Found in subcutaneous layer
75
Location of Reticular connective tissue
in spleen
76
Location of Dense regular connective tissue
in tendons
77
Location of Dense irregular connective tissue
in dermis
78
Location of Elastic connective tissue
in trachea
79
Location of Hyaline cartilage
in tip of nose
80
Location of Elastic cartilage
in external ear
81
Location of Fibrocartilage
in intervertebral discs
82
Location of Compact bone
surface of bones
