LADDERS 3 Flashcards
Size-up starts with the receipt of the alarm and continues until the fire is under control. Which size-up factor is incorrectly described?
A) Time governs the life hazard.
B) Life is the most serious factor at any fire.
C) Building height determines the severity of the life hazard and the intensity of the fire.
D) Exposures include adjoining buildings or areas within the fire building itself (auto exposure)
ANSWER: C) Building height determines the severity of the life hazard and the intensity of the fire. (INCORRECT)
- OCCUPANCY AREA determines severity of life hazard.
- Building HEIGHT will govern the use of the Aerial/TL and portable ladders.
(FFP - Ladders 3 1.4.1)
Ladder 3 and Ladder 9 arrive at approximately the same time to a fire on the 3rd floor of a 5 story OLT. Although Ladder 9 arrived 1st, Ladder 3 was 1st due on the response ticket so they operated as the 1st Ladder company. Which action taken by the Ladder 3 Inside Team should be corrected?
A) They obtained access to the 3rd floor via the interior stairs.
B) The Officer instructed members to not chock open the entry door at street level until a charged hoseline was advancing through it.
C) The Officer notified the IC and the Engine Officer of the location of the fire apartment and that Ladder 3 was entering the fire apartment to conduct a search.
D) The Officer instructed the Forcible entry FF to remain at the apartment door inside the fire apartment with the door closed but not locked due to a hoseline not being immediately available.
E) In addition to a HT and flashlight, the FE FF was equipped with a maul, halligan, and rabbit tool. The Extinguisher FF was equipped with a 6’ hook and pressurized water extinguisher.
ANSWER: B) The Officer instructed members to not chock open the entry door at street level until a charged hoseline was advancing through it. (INCORRECT)
- ENSURE that entry doors at street level are chocked open, to enable the stretching of hand lines or access by other members.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.1)
After recently attaining LCC status, the LCC of L100 reviewed the duties of the 1st arriving LCC of an aerial ladder company at a tenement fire. Which choice represents the only correct point?
A) The LCC does not have a set tool assignment, but rather they shall select the tools that they deem necessary to complete their assignment.
B) When the aerial ladder is needed for both removal and roof access, always remove the occupant 1st.
C) The LCC shall remain on the turntable whenever members have entered the building by aerial ladder.
D) When performing VEIS, the LCC shall only operate on the fire floor. This position can be obtained from the front or rear fire escape.
ANSWER: A) The LCC does not have a set tool assignment, but rather they shall select the tools that they deem necessary to complete their assignment.
B- Consider “FAT” in reaching a decision as to aerial’s initial use:
F - Fire/smoke in immediate vicinity of victim
A - Agitated, frightened, threatening to jump
T - Time (if person is in no immediate danger)
C - Remain on turntable whenever members have entered building and ARE IN PRECARIOUS POSITIONS such as the floor above ovear a heavy fire.
D - If the chauffeur is aware that the second ladder company is not in service or will not arrive in a reasonable time, they shall team up with another available member to try to get ABOVE THE FIRE via aerial or portable ladder. (Ladders 3 - LCC does not operate in the rear of the building)
(FFP - Ladders 3 - 3.2.4)
While conducting a drill on the duties of the 1st arriving OV FF at a fire in a NLT, Lt. Smith made several comments. Which one should be corrected?
A) The OV FF is equipped with a HT, flashlight, halligan and 6’ hook. For top floor fires, the saw is taken in place of the hook.
B) Except for assisting the LCC in the front of the fire building when aerial or portable ladder operations are needed for rescue or removal, ventilate the fire area from the exterior.
C) Before ascending a fire escape, the OV must 1st conduct an exterior survey to check for fire or potential victims in the rear of the building.
D) At a store fire, the OV FF shall vent the rear of the store from the exterior after asking permission from the Ladder Company Officer. If this would expose people on the fire escape, vent immediately after they are out of danger.
E) At a top floor fire, proceed to the roof. If possible, descend the fire escape and perform VEIS after teaming with the 2nd OV or another available member.
ANSWER: C) Before ascending a fire escape, the OV must 1st conduct an exterior survey to check for fire or potential victims in the rear of the building. (INCORRECT)
- The OV goes to the EXTERIOR OF FIRE AREA for ventilation.
- Roof FF will survey rear and sides from the roof.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.5)
The two different types of ventilation performed by the 1st due Ladder Company OV FF at a tenement fire are ventilation for search and ventilation for extinguishment. Which is the incorrect point about these types of ventilation?
A) When ventilating for extinguishment, the OV must communicate with the Ladder Officer to coordinate ventilation tactics with the Engine Company’s extinguishment.
B) When performing ventilation for search, the OV FF must always team up with another member.
C) When there is only a rear fire escape or the fire apartment is in the rear, the OV and Roof FF (or another available member) shall team up and enter the fire apartment from that fire escape.
D) When there is a front fire escape and the fire apartment is in the front, the OV and LCC (or another available member) shall team up and enter the fire apartment from that fire escape.
ANSWER: B) When performing ventilation for search, the OV FF must always team up with another member. (INCORRECT)
- With the exception of a KNOWN LIFE HAZARD.
- KLH - See or hear victim or information from a credible source from someone on scene.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.5)
FF James has been assigned the Roof position after recently being granted tenure. While drilling on the duties of the 1st arriving Roof FF at a tenement fire, the senior FF drilling with FF James made several statements. Which statement was incorrect?
A) Although using an adjoining building for roof access is the safest and most dependable method, the immediate adjoining building shall not be used.
B) The aerial ladder is used for roof access when the building is isolated or the roof cannot be reached, or accessed from the adjoining building.
C) Using the rear fire escape to access the roof is least desirable.
D) The interior stairs are never used for roof access.
E) the 1st arriving Roof FF is equipped with a HT, flashlight, halligan, 6’ halligan hook, LSR and SCBA.
ANSWER: A) Although using an adjoining building for roof access is the safest and most dependable method, the immediate adjoining building shall not be used. (INCORRECT)
“BAR” Adjoining / Aerial / Rear fire escape
- You CAN use immediate adjoining building for roof access in tenements.
- CANNOT use immediate adjoining in ROWFRAMES.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.6)
Nothing shall deter the Roof FF from carrying out his assigned duties. Which duty below is described incorrectly for the Roof FF at an OLT?
A) While conducting a roof size-up, including a visual survey of the exterior or the building, the Roof FF shall immediately proceed to the bulkhead and perform vertical ventilation upon hearing HT transmissions that the interior team has door control on the fire floor or a charged line is moving into the fire area, unless adressing a known life hazard.
B) After completing roof size-up, the Roof FF shall then proceed to the bulkhead door and notify the Ladder Officer that he is in position and prepared to ventilate.
C) When in position at the bulkhead door, the Roof FF shall not force the bulkhead door open unless the Ladder Officer grants approval.
D) If the Ladder Officer does not want vertical ventilation, the Roof FF shall still force open the bulkhead door, and if conditions are tenable, reach in and probe the immediate area, then immediately close and control the door.
ANSWER: C) When in position at the bulkhead door, the Roof FF shall not force the bulkhead door open unless the Ladder Officer grants approval. (INCORRECT)
- Opening the bulkhead door, doing a quick sweep for victims and then closing the door IS NOT considered vertical ventilation.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.6)
In addition to performing vertical ventilation at a fire in a tenement, the 1st due Roof FF performs several other duties. Which duty below is an incorrect description?
A) At top floor fires, the Roof FF is responsible to use the saw to vent the cockloft and top floor when necessary after completing intitial duties.
B) He should inform the 2nd Ladder of the extent of search completed and when the exposed interior stairs and public hall have not been properly examined.
C) He should remain on the roof when his assignment is completed or when relieved by the 2nd Ladder company.
D) The Roof FF should always confirm their way off the roof as soon as they reach the roof.
ANSWER: C) He should remain on the roof when his assignment is completed or when relieved by the 2nd Ladder company. (INCORRECT)
- Reports back to THEIR COMPANY OFFICER (generally located on the FIRE FLOOR) when assignment is completed or when relieved by second Ladder Company and apprise them of all pertinent information.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.6)
Vertical ventilation performed by the Roof FF at a tenement fire includes opening the bulkhead door and skylight, or scuttle and roof level skylight (including roof level skylight draft stop) over the interior stairs. Which choice is correct concerning this ventilation?
A) To keep a bulkhead door open, either remove the upper hinge or block the door open. When removing the hinge, operate from the roof side of the door.
B) The bulkhead door must be opened prior to venting the bulkhead skylight.
C) The scuttle cover must be removed prior to venting the roof level skylight.
D) Remove skylights or coverings over all shafts if indicated by heavy heat and smoke conditions. After ventilating these shafts, probe them with a hook, or reach down into the shaft to check for a draft stop.
ANSWER: A) To keep a bulkhead door open, either remove the upper hinge or block the door open. When removing the hinge, operate from the roof side of the door.
B - If DIFFICULTY IS ENCOUNTERED opening the bulkhead door, vent the bulkhead skylight FIRST.
C - If fire and smoke conditions are obviously HEAVY, immediate venting of the SKYLIGHT PRIOR TO THE REMOVAL OF THR SCUTTLE to relieve the interior would be justified.
D - To ensure an unobstructed outlet for shafts OTHER THAN DUMBWAITER SHAFTS, probe with hook to detect possible presence of a glazed sash or other covering and remove it.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.6 - PG 17 to 20)
Upon completion of his roof duties at a fire on the 3rd floor of a 5 story NLT, the Roof FF from L26 prepares to perform VEIS. Which is the incorrect thought concerning this operation?
A) He shall notify his Officer when and where his search will begin.
B) After determining that the fire is in the front of the building and there are four apartments per floor, he should team with the 2nd Roof FF to VEIS the floors above the fire.
C) Particular attention shall be paid to peforming VEIS of the top floor, especially the public hallway.
D) If he is caught in the 4th or 5th floor public hall while moving from the rear to front apartment when the fire apartment door is opened exposing him to severe heat and flame, he should immediately begin crawling back to the rear apartment.
E) The less dangerous way to access the front apartment from the rear apartment on the floors above the fire may be breaching a wall between these apartments.
ANSWER: D) If he is caught in the 4th or 5th floor public hall while moving from the rear to front apartment when the fire apartment door is opened exposing him to severe heat and flame, he should immediately begin crawling back to the rear apartment. (INcorRECT)
- In this event, DROP TO THE FLOOR AND SLIDE OR ROLL TO THE NEAREST WALL. This position places the member away from the rising column of heat and flame and increases the member’s chance for survival.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.2.6 #10)
TL 124 arrived 1st due to a fire on the 2nd floor of a 4 story OLT with only a rear fire escape. Which choice below represents an incorrect action?
A) The LCC remained at the pedestal.
B) The OV performed VEIS of the 2nd floor from the TL bucket.
C) The Officer requested the Roof FF perform outside ventilation of the fire apartment from the fire escape after completing preliminary roof ventilation.
D) The Roof FF performed VEIS of the fire apartment from the rear fire escape after teaming up with the 2nd Roof FF
ANSWER: B) The OV performed VEIS of the 2nd floor from the TL bucket. (INCORRECT)
- OV operates as basket FF for VENTILATION (not VEIS)
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.3)
As Ladder 177 arrived 2nd due to a fire in an OLT, the Officer noticed fire venting from the 4th floor windows of a 6 story OLT. A Ladder 177 member operated incorrectly in which choice?
A) The Can FF carried a flashlight, HT, 6’ hook and pressurized water extinguisher.
B) Before proceeding to the 5th floor via the interior stairs, the Officer notified the Officers of the 1st Engine, 1st Ladder, and Rescue Officer, who were the only officers on the 4th floor.
C) Upon reaching the 5th floor, the Officer ordered members to force a door to provide an area of refuge.
D) After completing a primary search of the apartment directly above the fire apartment, the Officer ordered the members of the Inside Team to proceed immediately to the top floor.
E) The Forcible Entry FF was equipped with a HT, hand light, Axe, Halligan and Rabbit Tool.
ANSWER: D) After completing a primary search of the apartment directly above the fire apartment, the Officer ordered the members of the Inside Team to proceed immediately to the top floor. (INCORRECT)
- Be certain to check ADJOINING APARTMENTS ON THE FLOOR ABOVE the fire apartment. This may be even more severely exposed than the apartment directly over the fire apartment due to the construction of Old Law Tenements.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.4.2)
Which member of the Outside team of the 2nd arriving ladder company operated incorrectly at a fire in an OLT?
A) The OV FF contacted the 1st arriving Ladder company Officer prior to performing ventilation of the apartment above the fire via fire escape.
B) When there was only a rear fire escape, the OV FF teamed with the Roof FF from their unit to enter and search the apartment directly over the fire.
C) When the fire apartment was in the rear of the building, the OV FF teamed with the Roof FF from their unit to enter and search the apartment directly over the fire.
D) When there was a front fire escape and the fire apartment was in the front, the OV and LCC teamed up to enter and search the apartment directly over the fire.
ANSWER: A) The OV FF contacted the 1st arriving Ladder company Officer prior to performing ventilation of the apartment above the fire via fire escape. (INCORRECT)
- Contact SECOND LADDER OFFICER for permission to ventilate the apartment ABOVE the fire.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.4.5)
The 2nd arriving Roof FF, must consider several items in order to be effective in a fire in a tenement building. Which is not one of them?
A) For top floor fires, the saw and 6’ halligan hook are taken to the roof.
B) Contact the 1st Roof FF via HT to determine their method of access to the roof and need to seek an alternative route.
C) Assist and confirm that all the duties of the 1st Roof FF have been completed. The 2nd Roof FF must team up with another member.
D) Do not attempt to climb onto a bulkhead next to an open shaft, unless it is the only option.
ANSWER: D) Do not attempt to climb onto a bulkhead next to an open shaft, unless it is the only option. (INCORRECT)
- NEVER climb onto a bulkhead next to an open shaft.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.4.7)
L71 was the 2nd Ladder company at a top floor fire in an OLT. Which tactic taken by L71 was correct?
A) The Can FF brought a 6’ hook and a pressurized water extinguisher to the top floor.
B) The Roof FF proceeded to the roof with a portable power saw in place of a halligan tool.
C) The OV vented the fire apartment from the fire escape, after requesting permission from their officer.
D) The LCC was not needed in the front of the building, so he proceeded to the top floor to assist with searches.
ANSWER: B) The Roof FF proceeded to the roof with a portable power saw in place of a halligan tool.
A - TWO 6’ hooks in lieu of the extinguisher
C - Permission to vent the fire apartment is given by the FIRST DUE LADDER OFFICER in this scenario.
D - LCC not needed IFO building, proceed to ROOF to assist members operating on the roof.
(FFP - Ladders 3 3.4.4)
Fires that extend to air and light shafts located between OLTs often create severe exposure problems. Choose the incorrect statement concerning air/light shaft fires.
A) The occupants of the fire building have less survival time and are in greater danger of having both means of egress quickly cut off than those in the exposure.
B) Ladder company members operating in the fire building or exposures should close windows on the shaft and remove combustible hangings around these windows.
C) The 2nd Ladder Company Inside team should generally operate in the exposed building.
D) the 2nd LCC should position the apparatus to cover the exposed building.
E) The 2nd LCC, Roof FF and OV FF, if not needed in the fire building, are available for work in the exposed building.
ANSWER: C) The 2nd Ladder Company Inside team should generally operate in the exposed building. (INCORRECT)
- 2nd Ladder generally operates on the FLOOR ABOVE in the fire building.
(FFP - Ladders 3 4.2)
Fires in dumbwaiter shafts present numerous operation problems in OLT type buildings. Which point below is incorrect concerning these fires?
A) The main problem with these fires is vertical extension. Lateral extension is not a serious concern due to the requirement that the dumbwaiter doors be nailed shut.
B) When a cellar fire exposes a dumbwaiter, all floors above must be checked for fire extension.
C) The 1st & 2nd Ladder company assignments remain the same as they would for a fire in an apartment.
D) The Roof FF should inform their Officer if heavy smoke is venting out of a dumbwaiter bulkhead or if the dumbwaiter bulkhead has been previously removed or tarred over.
E) If fire is reported in the dumbwaiter shaft, the Roof FF should vent the dumbwaiter bulkhead. If after venting, the Roof FF does not see any appreciable volume of smoke venting, they should notify their company Officer.
ANSWER: A) The main problem with these fires is vertical extension. Lateral extension is not a serious concern due to the requirement that the dumbwaiter doors be nailed shut. (INCORRECT)
- LATERAL and VERTICAL extension are BOTH concerns in a fire in a dumbwaiter shaft.
(FFP - Ladders 3 4.1.2)
Upon reaching the roof, the Roof FF should be thinking how they can maintain their means of egress in tenement type buildings. Additional measures to take are found in all but which choice?
A) If possible, members should move from one roof to another near the front wall.
B) Roof level skylights and scuttle covers, if removed, should be placed upside down on the roof.
C) Before walking or moving on a roof when visibility is poor, members should crouch to a kneeling position, and prove the roof by swinging a tool or leg in the direction of movement.
D) Members should not step over a parapet or wall without first feeling the adjoining surface with their foot.
ANSWER: D) Members should not step over a parapet or wall without first feeling the adjoining surface with their foot. (INCORRECT)
- Feel with a TOOL (not foot)
(FFP -Ladders 3 5.2)
The 6’ halligan hook and halligan tool have many uses for the Roof FF at a fire in a tenement building. Which choice regarding these tools is incorrect?
A) When removing a gate found on the room side of the window, use either the fork or adz end of the halligan tool to pull the gate loose at the side opposite the locking device. If exposed to heat or smoke, removal may be accomplished at the lock side.
B) When using both tools to assist in climbing onto a high bulkhead, the halligan is placed with the fork end down and the adz end up.
C) If using thr halligan to serve as a stop on the bulkhead door that is being used as a ramp, the door should be positioned against the bulkhead at an angle of 30 to 40 degrees.
D) If having difficulty in forcing a bulkhead door, use the halligan hook to pry the door out starting at the top of the door.
E) When pushing down the ceiling from the roof, reverse the hook.
ANSWER: D) If having difficulty in forcing a bulkhead door, use the halligan hook to pry the door out starting at the top of the door. (INCORRECT)
- Use he HALLIGAN / Start at the BOTTOM
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.3.2)
The members of Ladder 11 are discussing the different size-up features found in OLT buildings. They would be correct to state all but which one of the following?
A) When a building has four windows per floor and no front fire escape, it indicates two railroad flats with a rear fire escape. This applies to all OLT buildings.
B) When the building has 4 windows per floor with a front fire escape, it usually indicates 3 or 4 apartments per floor with another fire escape in the rear.
C) The ever dangerous exception to this is those buildings with railroad flats whose secondary means of egress is a front fire escape.
D) The absence of a rear fire escape is of major concern for the safety of the operating forces. This info should be relayed immediately.
ANSWER: A) When a building has four windows per floor and no front fire escape, it indicates two railroad flats with a rear fire escape. This applies to all OLT buildings. (INCORRECT)
- DOES NOT necessarily apply to CORNER buildings.
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.4.1)
Ladder company Inside Teams will gain important operational information by observations made on the interior of an OLT. Which one size-up observation is least correct?
A) Counting the number of mailboxes on each wall of the building entrance hall can indicate the number of apartments per floor. Five mailboxes on each side in a 5 story building would mean railroad flats. Likewise, ten on each side would mean 4 apartments per floor.
B) Apartment numbering and lettering system is also an indicator. Apartments 1S and 1N or 1W and 1E on the 1st floor and 2S and 2N or 2W and 2E on the 2nd floor, will generally mean 2 apartments per floor.
C) Most OLTs have four doors on each floor, but this is not an indication that there are 4 apartments.
D) When forcing entry to an apartment with doors, choose the door normally used for entrance. Most railroad flats have the kitchen in the front near the normal entrance door.
ANSWER: D) When forcing entry to an apartment with doors, choose the door normally used for entrance. Most railroad flats have the kitchen in the front near the normal entrance door. (INCORRECT)
- Kitchens are normally in the REAR near the normal entrance door.
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.4.2)
A rapidly rising column of smoke, with particles or embers ascending to higher levels, visible over the roof top of a building frequently is an indication that the fire is _________________.
A) On the top floor in the rear
B) In an open shaft
C) On the roof
D) In the dumbwaiter shaft
ANSWER: B) In an open shaft
FFP - Ladders 3 5.4.3 B
A Captain discussing primary and secondary searches with a newly promoted Lt. stated the following?
A) A primary search is an immediate search for life. The primary search is slow but thorough and systematic.
B) A secondary search is a thorough and painstakingly complete search, to ensure that no possible victims are overlooked, as children may hide in closets or under beds or in bathrooms.
C) The secondary search must also include the entire perimeter of the building and all shafts, basements/cellars etc.
D) Upon the completion of primary searches, secondary searches should be conducted as soon as conditions permit. Units other than those who conducted the primary search should perform secondary searches.
ANSWER: A) A primary search is an immediate search for life. The primary search is slow but thorough and systematic.
- Primary is RAPID but thorough & systematic
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.5.1)
Ventilation is the controlled, communicated and coordinated removal of heat and smoke from a structure and the replacing of the escaping gases with fresh air to facilitate other firefighting priorities. Which choice is incorrect regarding ventilation?
A) Ventilation is a vital factor in all operations and is of particular consequence with respect to the life saving function.
B) Vertical ventilation entails opening the bulkhead door, roof scuttle, skylight and cutting of roof.
C) Horizontal ventilation entails the opening or removal of the windows or opening of the door leading to the fire apartment.
D) The ladder company officer must control and coordinate all ventilation tactics by the inside team. The IC must control and coordinate all ventilation tactics by the outside teams.
ANSWER: D) The ladder company officer must control and coordinate all ventilation tactics by the inside team. The IC must control and coordinate all ventilation tactics by the outside teams. (INCORRECT)
- Ladder Officer controls ALL VENTILATION tactics for both inside and outside teams
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.6)
Ventilation for search is the horizontal ventilation tactic performed to facilitate the movement of a member into an area in order to conduct a search for life hazard. All but which one of the following statements is correct?
A) Horizontal ventilation has the inherent risk of pulling fire towards the ventilation entry point.
B) Horizontal ventilation needs to be communicated to the ladder officer as the ventilation may also negatively impact the members operating on the interior.
C) No member shall ever enter, leave or operate in an IDLH unless the member teams up with at least one other member and remains within visual or voice contact with that member.
ANSWER: C) No member shall ever enter, leave or operate in an IDLH unless the member teams up with at least one other member and remains within visual or voice contact with that member. (INCORRECT)
- UNLESS there is a KNOWN LIFE HAZARD
- A person can be SEEN or HEARD by rescuer or there is CREDIBLE SOURCE AT THE SCENE with information of a known life hazard.
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.7.3)
Members performing ventilation for search would be correct to comply with how many of the following tactics?
- When a search team enters from the exterior to conduct a search for a known life hazard the Ladder Officer must be notified.
- The Ladder Officer may disapprove the entry of the search team if the interior team has quicker access to the location of the victim or to the area requiring search.
- Once the decision has been made and approval has been granted to enter, the member should clear out the window for access and be cognizant that a new flow path has been corrected.
- After venting, the priority action for the member entering is to conduct a rapid search of the area.
- If a victim is found, immediately transmit radio code 10-45, include the location and the planned exit route.
A) 5 B) 4 C) 3 D) 2
ANSWER: B) 4 (Number 4 is INCORRECT)
4 - After venting, the priority action for the member entering is to ISOLATE THE AREA by closing a door.
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.7.3)
When cutting a hole in the roof of an OLT, which action would be incorrect?
A) The saw is designed that whenever possible, roof boards and coverings shall be cut in one operation. Sometimes the cut section can be lifted in one piece.
B) When this cannot be accomplished, reinsert the saw for a deeper cut.
C) Initially, an approximate 3’ x 6’ coffin cut is recommended.
D) If a hole is cut too small, the desired relief will not be granted and onced opened, smoke, fire, and heat may make it too difficult to open further.
ANSWER: B) When this cannot be accomplished, reinsert the saw for a deeper cut. (INCORRECT)
- REMOVE ROOF COVERING THEN REMOVE ROOF BOARDS.
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.9.4)
A Roof FF cutting a coffin cut on the roof of an OLT should ideally have the wind blowing at their back, and make which cut their “knockout” cut?
A) Cut # 1
B) Cut # 2
C) Cut # 3
D) Cut # 4
ANSWER: B) Cut # 2
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.9.6)
- Cross Reference TL 6 (4th cut is KO cut)
Lt. Hanson is explaining to his memebers that when a fire is burning in a top floor apartment, it is not efficient to wait until the fire is “knocked down” before examining the cockloft. Lt. Hanson would be correct to state all but which one point below?
A) An early inspection can be made by going to a room adjacent to the fire (in the same or adjoining apartment) and opening an observation hole in that ceiling.
B) If fire can be seen burning in the cockloft, the observation hole should be expanded while a hoseline is being stretched to the fire apartment.
C) It is a good practice while waiting for the charged line, to ventilate all windows in the apartment, because once the ceiling is opened the floor will quickly be filled with smoke.
D) This is also the time to make sure that a roof ventilation hole is being cut directly above the fire.
ANSWER: B) If fire can be seen burning in the cockloft, the observation hole should be expanded while a hoseline is being stretched to the fire apartment. (INCORRECT)
- Line needs to be CHARGED and IN POSITION.
(FFP - Ladders 3 5.9.6 Note)
Members operating in OLT fires may become cut off from their normal means of escape (interior stairs, fire escape, or ladders) and will have to go from front to rear apartments or vice versa through the common partition as an escape route. To accomplish this, members should take all but which step listed?
A) Using a hook, halligan or axe (in this preference order), start low and punch a hole slightly below waist level.
B) The tool is placed in a bay with the bottom anchored against the opposite side of the partition. The FF then pulls the tool towards themselves using short strokes to snap the lath off the side.
C) Best results are obtained when the opposite side is kept intact until the near side is completely removed.
D) With the sole of his boot, the member can kick off the lath off the far side of the bay. The member then uses the Swim Move or the Reduced Profile Maneuver and quickly moves through the opening.
ANSWER: A) Using a hook, halligan or axe (in this preference order), start low and punch a hole slightly below waist level. (INCORRECT)
- HALLIGAN / HOOK / AXE (“HA - HA”)
- Slightly below waist level
(FFP - Ladders 3 6.1)
According to Ladders 3, when does “Precontrol Overhaul” begin?
A) As soon as the 1st members enter the fire area.
B) As soon as a charged hoseline is moving into the fire area.
C) As soon as possible after the fire has been knocked down.
D) As soon as possible after final extinguishment.
ANSWER: C) As soon as possible after the fire has been knocked down.
PRECONTROL - Search for fire and extension which takes place up to the point where the fire is under control. Pre-control overhauling begins as soon as possible after the fire has been knocked down
POSTCONTROL - The continued operation that takes place after the fire is under control to ensure that there is complete fire extinguishment.
(FFP - Ladders 3 6.1)
The search for fire extension on the fire floor is started as soon as possible. Many fires do not initially ignite the structure. The contents of a building are ignited and burn fast, then the flames spread to the structure. When discussing extension, all of the following statements are correct according to Ladders 3 with the exception of which?
A) When checking for extension, there are 6 sides to examine in the fire area. The 4 walls, the ceiling and the floor.
B) The search for fire extension cannot be accomplished by sense of touch alone. All places where fire might have extended and display no immediate signs of burning such as discoloration, blistering, smoke, etc. should be opened with tools.
C) The partitions that separate apartments in OLTs are not fire stopped between the ceiling of one floor and the underside of the floor above.
D) In OLTs, the floor beams are laid parallel to the front of the building thus forming horizontal channels for fire travel as far as both side walls (bearing walls) of the building.
ANSWER: B) The search for fire extension cannot be accomplished by sense of touch alone. All places where fire might have extended and display no immediate signs of burning such as discoloration, blistering, smoke, etc. should be opened with tools. (INCORRECT)
- The search for fire extension is OFTEN DONE by sense of touch alone.
- All places where fire might have extended and display no immediate signs of burning such as discoloration, blistering, smoke, etc. SHOULD BE EXAMINED BY TOUCH.
(FFP - Ladders 3 7.1.2)
Ladder 79 is operating as the 1st arriving ladder on the 2nd floor of a 5 story OLT. After the fire has been knocked down this company must now determine if the fire is extending and where it is extending. The members of this company would be correct to know all but which one of the following?
A) The ceiling should be opened 1st at a clean area and working towards the area where the fire was most intense. The ceiling light fixture area should be pulled and examined.
B) Any horizontal or vertical voids, whether pipe recesses, electrical conduits, channel rails, etc. which are found once the ceilings and walls are opened must be examined. If fire has extended, this information should be transmitted to the IC and to the ladder company on the floor above.
C) Steel columns and beams can be found in NLTs or OLTs. Boxed out areas around a steel column create a natural void. If a boxed out protrusion on a wall contains a steel column and was involved in fire, then the entire length of this void will have to be examined.
D) The flooring in the fire area must be checked. If the flooring is charred, the ceiling below should be examined for fire extension.
ANSWER: A) The ceiling should be opened 1st at a clean area and working towards the area where the fire was most intense. The ceiling light fixture area should be pulled and examined. (INCORRECT)
- Open up ceiling at the point where the fire was MOST INTENSE and work until you see a CLEAR AREA.
(FFP - Ladders 3 7.2.2)
L129 is the 2nd arriving ladder at a fire on the 1st floor of an OLT in Flushing, Queens. Upon reaching the apartment above the fire they may encounter conditions that alone are indications of fire extension and justify calling for a handline. Which three choices are listed as such? (More than 1 correct)
A) A smoke condition at the apartment entrance.
B) High temperatures even only at the ceiling level
C) A fiery glow seen through the smoke.
D) A crackling sound heard within the apartment.
ANSWER: B / C / D are CORRECT
B) High temperatures even only at the ceiling level
C) A fiery glow seen through the smoke.
D) A crackling sound heard within the apartment.
- A smoke condition at the apartment entrance is NOT ENOUGH REASON to believe fire has extended to this floor.
(FFP - Ladders 3 7.3.1)
A Ladder company officer operating on the floor above the fire that is checking for extension by cutting the floor with an axe would be correct to have his member cut the floor at a ________ degree angle and on a bias.
A) 20
B) 35
C) 60
D) 75
ANSWER: C) 60
FFP - Ladders 3 - pg 65
The complete removal of a window frame is seldom required. Which is the incorrect choice in regards to trimming a window or door?
A) Windows are generally set into the brickwork and extension from them cannot occur except to a space between the plaster and the sidewall of the building.
B) Extension around a doorframe is usually limited to the space between the doorframe and the studs forming the rough opening.
C) The trim around windows and doors is put on last during the construction stage and should be the 1st pieces removed if examination is required at these points.
D) Depending on the tool used, the most efficient and safe way to remove the trim is to split the molding in the center then move up and down for complete removal.
ANSWER: D) Depending on the tool used, the most efficient and safe way to remove the trim is to split the molding in the center then move up and down for complete removal. (INCORRECT)
- Start at the TOP OR BOTTOM CORNER OR JOINT and work along PRYING the molding out from the wall.
(FFP - Ladders 3 7.4.3)
During a recent MUD the Deputy Chief visited to speak about safety at OLT fires. How many of the following statements made by the Chief were correct?
- It is dangerous for more than one member to use tools at the same time in a small area, such as rooms in an OLT.
- Holes in the floor are generally small and must be protected, generally by placing a door over them.
- Bulging or hanging plaster should be removed from walls or ceilings.
- Hanging wood lath, metal lath, or tin from a ceiling should be trimmed off and removed.
- Tin should be folded to a size making it safe to carry and placed outside away from the line of travel.
- Hanging ends of cable such as electric (BX), telephone and coaxial TV shall be secured near the ceiling. Loops of cable hanging down shall be pushed up out of the way.
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 6
ANSWER: C) 5 (Number 1 is INCORRECT)
1 - It is dangerous for MORE THAN ONE OR TWO MEMBERS to use tools at the same time in a small area, such as rooms in Old Law Tenements.
(FFP - Ladders 3 - 8)
According to Ladders 3, which statement about safety factors to consider at OLTs is incorrect?
A) Before exiting the building you must “stop” until you are assured it is safe to exit the building.
B) Whenever a member operates on a ladder of any kind, they must have enough hand control to ensure their safety.
C) No material shall be thrown out windows onto the roof of buildings or into any shaft.
D) Care shall be exersized when overhauling in bathrooms. A sudden collapse of the flooring due to fire weakening, rotting of the floor beams, the weight of fixtures and tile floors can occur.
ANSWER: C) No material shall be thrown out windows onto the roof of buildings or into any shaft. (INCORRECT)
- Do not throw materials into NARROW OR ENCLOSED shafts.
(FFP - Ladders 3 8.13)
Members are performing overhaul at a top floor fire in an OLT on a 98 degree day in an IDLH that has all visible fire knocked down and a medium smoke condition. Due to the extreme heat, the company officer should be aware that members operating in an IDLH under extreme weather condition may remove ____________________________________?
A) Only their bunker coat
B) Only their hood
C) Only their gloves
D) No PPE; all PPE must be worn in an IDLH atmopshere during overhaul
ANSWER: D) No PPE; all PPE must be worn in an IDLH atmopshere during overhaul
- Recent change
(FFP - Ladders 3 - 7)
Company officers must maintain communication with the members not operating under the immediate supervision to determine their status. The interval between contacts should be frequent enough to provide for the safety of the firefighters being monitored without monopolizing the frequency. Which of the following members is not under the immediate supervision of their officer?
A) The control firefighter straightening a kink in the hoseline on the 1st floor of a large 6-story H-Type MD, while his officer and nozzle team advance the line into the fire apartment on the top floor.
B) The irons firefighter searching off the search rope within voice contact of his officer.
C) The EFAS firefighter monitoring EFAS in the Battalion vehicle within visual contact of the FAST officer.
D) The can firefighter, who was left at the apartment door inside the fire apartment to maintain door control, and remains in contact with his officer via the HT.
ANSWER: D) The can firefighter, who was left at the apartment door inside the fire apartment to maintain door control, and remains in contact with his officer via the HT.
*Members are under the “immediate supervision” of
an officer when:They are within VISUAL OR VOICE contact of the officer OR they are working with a SEARCH or HOSELINE which is under the supervision of an officer.
ACRONYMN: “SHSH” Search line Hoseline Sight Hearing
(Lad 3 Tenements: 3.2.1 #11 Note)
You’re the first ladder officer to arrive at a fire on the top floor of a 4-story OLT. Your unit takes the following actions. Which one of them is incorrect?
A) Your OV proceeded to the roof with the saw and halligan hook, descended the fire escape and provided coordinated ventilation with interior operations.
B) You ensured that entry doors at the street level were chocked open, to enable the stretching of handlines or access by other members.
C) Upon entering the fire apartment you proceeded to the seat of the fire and tried to contain it by shutting the door. A thorough primary search was started at this point.
D) Your LCC remained on the turntable because the roof and OV firefighters accessed the roof via the AL and were operating over a heavy fire condition.
ANSWER: A) Your OV proceeded to the roof with the saw and halligan hook, descended the fire escape and provided coordinated ventilation with interior operations. (INCORRECT)
- Proceed to roof with SAW AND HALLIGAN
(Lad 3 Tenements: 3.2.1 #2, #7, 3.2.4 #5, 3.2.5 #2)
When members are performing the tactic ventilation for search, they must comply with certain procedures to ensure their own safety. Which procedure mentioned below is incorrect?
A) Prior to venting the windows for access, the member must determine if the ventilation profile indicates that the area is tenable for search and does not pose a high risk to the member.
B) Once a decision has been made and approval has been granted to enter, the member should clear out the window for access and be cognizant that a new flow path has been created.
C) Upon completion of clearing the window, the member should immediately enter the window and probe the immediate area for potential victims.
D) When using a fire escape for access to different floors, never vent a window that could allow fire to cut off the line of retreat.
ANSWER: C) Upon completion of clearing the window, the member should immediately enter the window and probe the immediate area for potential victims. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 5.7.3 Page 50; 5.7.5)
- Upon completion of clearing the window AND BEFORE ENTERING, reassess the smoke and heat condition to determine if the area is still tenable. If conditions now prevent access, immediately notify the Ladder Company officer of this situation.
Members of a busy Bronx ladder company are discussing the options the roof firefighter has for accessing the roof of an old law tenement. Of the following choices, which is the safest and most dependable method?
A) Tower Ladder
B) Aerial Ladder
C) Adjoining building
D) Rear fire escape
ANSWER: C) Adjoining building
(Ladders 3 3.2.6)
Note: The interior stairs are NEVER used
You’re the 2nd due ladder company officer arriving at a fire on the 2nd floor of a 5-story old law tenement. The fire is located in the rear of apartment 2B. The first due engine is in the process of stretching the first line to the 2nd floor, while the first ladder company inside team is conducting a primary search of the fire apartment. You take the following actions. Which one is incorrect?
A) You direct and control horizontal ventilation on the 3rd floor only. The IC is responsible to control horizontal ventilation of the 4th and 5th floor.
B) You direct your inside team to force two apartment doors on the 3rd floor as an area of refuge.
C) You make certain to check the adjoining apartment on the floor above the fire apartment as this may be even more severely exposed than the apartment directly over the fire apartment due to the construction of OLTs.
D) Prior to proceeding to the floor above the fire, you ensure that the officers on the fire floor are made aware of this team’s intention, so that members operating above can be warned of any situation necessitating withdrawal.
A) You direct and control horizontal ventilation on the 3rd floor only. The IC is responsible to control horizontal ventilation of the 4th and 5th floor. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3 3.4.2)
A - 2nd due ladder officer directs and controls horizontal ventilation on ALL FLOORS ABOVE THE FIRE FLOOR.
According to Ladders 3, the duties of the roof firefighter demand an experienced, observant and determined member capable of decisive action. Which of the following duties carried out by the roof firefighter at an old law tenement was performed incorrectly?
A) After confirming her way off the roof, she conducted a size-up of the roof for available vertical ventilation points including a visual survey of the exterior of the building.
B) After hearing the engine company officer operating inside the fire area request for initial vertical ventilation, she forced open the bulkhead door and took additional vertical ventilation tactics.
C) After hearing her officer request that she hold off on vertical ventilation until control of the fire apartment door could be accomplished, she forced open the bulkhead door to probe the landing for victims.
D) After completing her duties on the roof, she teamed up with the OV to VEIS the fire floor.
ANSWER: B) After hearing the engine company officer operating inside the fire area request for initial vertical ventilation, she forced open the bulkhead door and took additional vertical ventilation tactics. (INCORRECT)
- LADDER COMPANY OFFICER operating inside the fire area. Initial vertical ventilation is the venting of bulkheads, scuttles or skylights over stairwells and hallways.
- C - THIS IS NOT CONSIDERED VERTICAL VENTILATION
(Ladders 3: 3.2.6 Pages 14 & 15)
The 2nd to arrive OV firefighter has numerous responsibilities when operating at a fire in a tenement type multiple dwelling. Which one of the actions described below is correct?
A) The second OV shall search for victims and fire extension on all floors above the fire if teamed up with another member.
B) Prior to conducting any horizontal ventilation from the exterior, the second OV shall request permission from the Ladder Company Officer operating in the fire apartment.
C) When there is only a rear fire escape (railroad apartments) OR the fire apartment is in the rear, the second OV and second chauffer (or another available member) shall team up and enter the apartment directly over the fire from that fire escape.
D) When there is a front fire escape AND the fire apartment is in the front, the second OV and second roof firefighter (or another available member) shall team up and enter the apartment directly over the fire from that fire escape.
ANSWER: A) The second OV shall search for victims and fire extension on all floors above the fire if teamed up with another member.
(Ladders 3: 3.4.6)
B - The second OV shall request permission from THEIR LADDER COMPANY OFFICER IN ORDER TO COORDINATE VENTILATION TACTICS WITH INTERIOR OPERATIONS.
C - The second OV and SECOND ROOF FIREFIGHTER (OR ANOTHER AVAILABLE MEMBER)
D - The second OV and SECOND CHAUFFER (OR ANOTHER AVAILABLE MEMBER)
Roof ventilation is a critical component of any fire operation, especially at tenement type buildings. Which of the following comments pertaining to the duties of the roof firefighter at an old law tenement is correct?
A) Bulkhead doors are almost always self-closing. To keep the door open, either remove the lower hinge or block the door open.
B) If fire and smoke conditions are obviously heavy, immediate venting of the skylight prior to the removal of the scuttle cover to relieve interior would be justified.
C) If difficulty is encountered opening the bulkhead door, vent the skylight first. Units operating below shall be warned by HT after breaking the glass.
D) Skylights at roof level may have been removed and openings covered with roofing materials. It may be necessary to cut a hole over the stairs to vent stairway. The Ladder Company Officer should be informed that a saw is needed to accomplish this.
ANSWER: B) If fire and smoke conditions are obviously heavy, immediate venting of the skylight prior to the removal of the scuttle cover to relieve interior would be justified.
(Ladders 3: 3.2.6 #8)
A - Remove the UPPER HINGE
C - PRIOR to breaking the glass warn members by HT
D. THE INCIDENT COMMANDER should be informed when it may be necessary to cut a hole over the stairs.
For fires involving the top floor and/or cockloft in tenements there are some key operational variations for the second arriving ladder company. Listed below are several of those variations. Which one is incorrect?
A) The inside team shall proceed to the top floor to assist the first Ladder Company in entry and search of all top floor apartments.
B) The LCC shall position in front if the fire building and if not needed there, proceed to the roof.
C) The OV shall vent the fire apartment from the fire escape. If the first OV has already vented the fire apartment, then the second OV will vent the adjoining apartment as ordered.
D) Prior to conducting any horizontal ventilation tactics from the exterior, the second OV shall request permission from their officer in order to coordinate ventilation tactics with interior operations.
D) Prior to conducting any horizontal ventilation tactics from the exterior, the second OV shall request permission from their officer in order to coordinate ventilation tactics with interior operations.
(Ladders 3: 3.5.2)
- The second OV shall request permission from THE FIRST LADDER COMPANY OFFICER if it is the fire apt. If it’s an adjoining apartment, the 2nd OV shall contact the officer in the area to be vented
- ODD THAT THE OV REQUESTS PERMISSION FROM ANOTHER COMPANY’S OFFICER.*
KNOW THIS POINT
Maneuvering on the roof of the fire building can be extremely dangerous. There are certain precautions that the roof firefighter can take to ensure his or her safety on the roof. Which one is incorrect?
A) When momentarily blinded by smoke or darkness, and there is an immediate danger to the firefighter, it may be best for the member to remain in place until visibility is restored.
B) Before walking or moving on the roof when visibility is poor, or a heavy smoke condition exists, firefighters should crouch to a kneeling position.
C) In order to alert members to the presence of openings, roof level skylights and/or scuttle covers if removed, should be placed upside down on the roof.
D) If possible, firefighters should move from one roof to another near the front wall always checking his/her footing.
ANSWER: A) When momentarily blinded by smoke or darkness, and there is an immediate danger to the firefighter, it may be best for the member to remain in place until visibility is restored. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3 5.2)
- Do this if there is NO IMMEDIATE DANGER TO THE FIREFIGHTER.
You’re a ladder company officer investigating a reported smoke condition on the 3rd floor of an old law tenement. As you ascend to the callers apartment, your LCC contacts you stating that he’s discovered fire at the base of a dumbwaiter shaft in the cellar. You transmit a 10-75 and have the following thoughts. Which one is incorrect?
A) Dumbwaiter shafts are required to be nailed shut.
B) At least one apartment on each floor must be checked for fire extension.
C) All floors above must be checked for fire extension.
D) These shafts may extend above the roof.
ANSWER: B) At least one apartment on each floor must be checked for fire extension. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 4.1.2 and Figure 4E)
- Since some shafts served more than on apartment per floor, EACH APARTMENT needs to be checked for fire extension.
- Note A: This information is only written in Ladders 3 Figure 4E on page 30. Don’t give up information written within the pictures of a bulletin.
Which of the following statements concerning air and light shaft fires at an old law tenement is correct?
A) In recent years, due to inspection activity, shaft fires have originated much more frequently at the base of an open shaft than in an apartment.
B) While awaiting hoselines, members may extinguish fire around shaft windows with water from pots and pans.
C) In most cases, the draft created in the shaft will accelerate lateral extension into the exposed building.
D) The engine company after completely extinguishing fire in a room exposing the shaft, must direct the nozzle stream into the shaft and extinguish the shaft fire.
ANSWER: B) While awaiting hoselines, members may extinguish fire around shaft windows with water from pots and pans.
(Ladders 3 4.2)
A - Shaft fires have originated much more frequently IN THE APARTMENT than AT THE BASE of an open shaft
C - The draft will DELAY lateral extension.
D - The engine company, after KNOCKING DOWN fire in a room exposing the shaft, must direct the nozzle stream into the shaft and KNOCK DOWN the shaft fire before continuing through the apartment for additional KNOCK DOWN AND FINAL EXTINGUISHMENT.
Note: Cross Ref Ladders 3 Glossary: “Knocked Down” To have visible flame under control without complete extinguishment.
The Halligan tool has a variety of uses when operating at any type of building, particularly an old law tenement. Which use of the Halligan described below is correct?
A) To remove metal gates often found on fire escape windows use either the fork or adz end of the tool to pull the gate loose at the side opposite the locking device.
B) To loosen the bulkhead door from the upper hinge, open the door slightly and put the adz end of the tool between the door and the door jamb. Close the door on the tool loosening the hinge screws.
C) An alternative method to loosen the bulkhead door from the upper hinge, is to place the fork end of the tool between the door and the door jamb. Then apply outward or downward pressure.
D) To open windows to gain access from the fire escape place the fork end of the Halligan in the corner of the window and push down.
ANSWER: A) To remove metal gates often found on fire escape windows use either the fork or adz end of the tool to pull the gate loose at the side opposite the locking device.
(Ladders 3: 5.3.2 / Figures 5D, 5E, 5F and 5G)
LOOK AT PICTURES WHEN READING
B - Put the FORK END between the door and jamb
C - Place the ADZ END
D - In the CENTER of the window
Which cut should be the “knock out” cut when a coffin cut is being cut at a tenement fire?
A) The third cut
B) The second cut
C) The 1st cut
D) The last cut
ANSWER: B) The second cut
(Ladders 3 5.9.6)
- Cross Reference TL 6 (4th cut is KO cut when cutting a peaked roof PD)
Size-up of features and conditions that may influence an operation is a critical first step at any fire or emergency. Which of the following components of size-up at an old law tenement is correct?
A) Smoke may be seen issuing from the cornice upon arrival. If so, the cornice must be opened as soon as possible to check for fire in the cockloft.
B) When forcing entrance to an apartment with two doors always choose the door in the rear.
C) A rear fire escape with no front fire escape does not necessarily mean there are railroad flat apartments at a corner building.
D) Large quantities of black smoke observed over the roof may be an indication that the fire is in an open shaft.
ANSWER: C) A rear fire escape with no front fire escape does not necessarily mean there are railroad flat apartments at a corner building.
(Ladders 3: 5.4.1 A; 5.4.2 C; 5.4.3 A and C)
A - UNDER NO CONDITIONS should the cornice be opened for smoke. If still doubtful about the existence of fire in the cornice or cockloft, it can be examined by opening the ceiling below, or opening the returns if present.
B - When forcing entrance to an apartment with two doors, choose the door NORMALLY USED FOR ENTRANCE. Most railroad flats have a kitchen in the rear so that normal entrance doors will be the rear doors.
D - May be an indication of fire AT OR NEAR THE TOP OF THE BUILDING, namely, top floor fire, cockloft fire, stair bulkhead fire, or a fire on the roof.
A search is an orderly and systematic examination of a building or area for the purpose of locating a person, or locating fire and extension of fire. Which of the following remarks about conducting searches in an old law tenement is incorrect?
A) Upon completion of the primary searches, the secondary searches shall be conducted as soon as conditions permit and shall be conducted by units other than those who conducted the primary search of these areas.
B) Prior to proceeding above the fire, the second arriving ladder officer should ensure that the officers on the fire floor are made aware of his/her intentions so that those operating above can be warned of any situation necessitating withdrawal.
C) If you cannot gain entry into safe area on the floor above and the attack line is in position and ready to advance, you must immediately return to the fire floor, before the door to the fire area is opened.
D) On the fire floor, after opening the door, the inside team may find conditions too severe before the engine company has their line charged and are prepared to advance. In this instance they should immediately close the door.
ANSWER: D) On the fire floor, after opening the door, the inside team may find conditions too severe before the engine company has their line charged and are prepared to advance. In this instance they should immediately close the door. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 5.5.6; 5.5.7; 5.5.8; 5.5.9)
- In this instance they should PROBE THE AREA WITH A HAND OR TOOL, THEN CLOSE THE DOOR, being careful the door does not lock.
Which of the following tactics is incorrect regarding a dumbwaiter fire in an old law tenement?
A) If heavy smoke is venting out of a dumbwaiter bulkhead, the roof firefighter should vent the dumbwaiter bulkhead.
B) It is important that the top floor, cockloft and cellar are checked as soon as possible.
C) If after venting a dumbwaiter bulkhead, the roof firefighter does not see any appreciable volume of smoke venting, the roof firefighter should notify his/her officer.
D) If it is expected that the dumbwaiter shaft is obstructed, the roof firefighter should not probe the shaft with a hook.
ANSWER: A) If heavy smoke is venting out of a dumbwaiter bulkhead, the roof firefighter should vent the dumbwaiter bulkhead. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 4.3)
- The roof firefighter should INFORM HIS/HER OFFICER. If FIRE is reported in the dumbwaiter shaft, the roof firefighter should vent the dumbwaiter bulkhead.
Note D: Ladders 3 Page 19 NOTE: To ensure an unobstructed outlet for shafts OTHER THAN DUMBWAITER SHAFTS, probe with hook to detect possible presence of a glazed sash or other covering and remove it.
In old law tenements, the Ladder Company Officer must control and coordinate all ventilation tactics by the inside and outside team. Uncontrolled and uncoordinated ventilation tactics can precipitate rapid fire extension and production of large volumes of smoke, which can endanger occupants and firefighters. Which of the following ventilation tactics is incorrect?
A) Ventilation for extinguishment entails venting window(s) of the immediate fire area as the engine company is extinguishing the fire.
B) When the member on the exterior hears the notification from the engine officer to the IC that they are applying water on the fire, he/she may now ventilate the windows in the immediate fire area.
C) When members wish to perform additional horizontal ventilation away from the immediate fire area, this must be communicated and coordinated by the ladder company officer in the area prior to performing such ventilation.
D) When performing ventilation for search for a known life hazard, this action must be communicated to the ladder company officer.
ANSWER: B) When the member on the exterior hears the notification from the engine officer to the IC that they are applying water on the fire, he/she may now ventilate the windows in the immediate fire area. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 5.7.2; 5.7.3)
- Before venting the window(s) the member must communicate with and RECEIVE APPROVAL from the Ladder Company Officer.
No member shall enter, leave or operate in an IDLH atmosphere unless the member teams-up with a least one other member and remains in visual or voice contact with that member. The only exception to this Federal mandated standard for the teaming of members, is when a known life hazard is found and immediate action could prevent the loss of life. This does not apply to standard search and rescue procedures. In all incidents of such individual action, the Incident Commander shall forward a report to the ___.
A) Borough Commander
B) Chief of Operations
C) Chief of Department
D) Fire Commissioner
ANSWER: B) Chief of Operations
Ladders 3: Page 49
Cutting the roof of a tenement at a top floor fire is critical to the overall success of the fire operation. To be successful, the roof operating forces must fully understand the following points. Which one is incorrect?
A) When a serious fire occurs on the top floor or in the cockloft, it is still of paramount importance to provide initial ventilation before getting involved in the slower work of cutting the roof.
B) Initially, approximately a 3’x6’ coffin cut is recommended.
C) The saw is designed that whenever possible, the roof covering is cut prior to the roof boards.
D) One large expandable hole is more efficient and safer than many smaller holes.
ANSWER: C) The saw is designed that whenever possible, the roof covering is cut prior to the roof boards. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 5.9.2; 5.9.4; 5.9.5)
- The saw is designed that whenever possible, ROOF BOARDS AND COVERINGS SHALL BE CUT IN ONE OPERATION.
The size and location of a roof cut will depend on fire conditions. When performing the “coffin cut” seven cuts are performed. It’s important that the roof is not opened until all cuts are completed. Which number cut is the “knock out” cut?
A) #1
B) #2
C) #4
D) #7
ANSWER: B) #2
(Ladders 3: 5.9.6)
- Note: Even though the roof is not opened until all seven cuts are completed, the “knock out” cut is the SECOND cut in the sequence. *DON’T BE CONFUSED BY THESE TWO POINTS”
A search is an orderly and systematic examination of a building or area for the purpose of locating persons, or locating fire and extension of fire. It consists of a primary and secondary search. Which statement below is incorrect?
A) The primary search is an immediate search for life. This primary search is rapid but thorough and systematic.
B) The primary search must also include the entire perimeter of the building and all shafts, basements/cellars, etc.
C) If primary or secondary search is delayed or not completed for any reason, the incident commander must be notified.
D) When searching or examining a number of apartments it may be quicker to enter from the related fire escape then to force numerous doors.
ANSWER: B) The primary search must also include the entire perimeter of the building and all shafts, basements/cellars, etc. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 5.5.1; 5.5.2; 5.5.4)
- THE SECONDARY SEARCH must also include the entire perimeter of the building and all shafts, basements/cellars, etc.
At tenement fires, all horizontal and initial vertical ventilation tactics must be controlled, communicated to and coordinated by the ladder company officer. Which of the following ventilation techniques is incorrect?
A) When venting windows of the fire apartment from the fire escape first check them for heat. Look for discoloration of the glass (generally brownish).
B) Energy efficient windows may not give any signs of heat; contact the ladder company officer before VEIS.
C) When venting multiple windows from the fire escape, first break the window on the fire escape and then the window off the fire escape.
D) All members should carry a utility cord for use in operations, e.g., venting of windows on lower floors, guide line during search, raising or lowering tools or hose etc.
ANSWER: C) When venting multiple windows from the fire escape, first break the window on the fire escape and then the window off the fire escape. (INCORRECT)
(Ladders 3: 5.8.1 and 5.8.3)
- When venting multiple windows from the fire escape, first break the window OFF the fire escape and then the window ON the fire escape.
