LADDERS 2 - AERIAL LADDER OPERATIONS Flashcards
During a company drill on general aerial ladder placement, a new LCC explained that there are four conditions that must be considered when deciding where to place the Aerial Ladder. In which statement should you correct your chauffeur?
A) Whether immediate rescue is apparent.
B) Where no immediate rescue effort is required, the height of the building to be covered.
C) Smoke, heat or fire causing an exposure that would endanger a victim, a member or the ladder.
D) Area or street conditions that might hamper optimum positioning.
ANSWER: B) Where no immediate rescue effort is required, the height of the building to be covered. (INCORRECT)
- The FRONTAGE of the building to be covered when no rescue required.
“FISHS”
F - Fire or Frontage
I - Immediate rescue is apparent
S - Smoke
H - Heat
S - Street conditions that may hamper optimum positioning.
(Ladders 2 2.1)
You are working in ladder company 167 which is an Aerial Ladder and you arrive first at a fire on the 5th floor of a new law tenement where a victim is seen at a 5th floor window apparently requiring assistance. At this fire you should instruct your LCC to place the rig in the center of the street and _________ feet from the building for a good climbing angle.
A) 15
B) 20 to 25
C) 25 to 35
D) 32
ANSWER: C) 25 to 35
- 25 to 35 feet from building for a good climbing angle
- 32 feet from building is a number from the TL bulletin.
- Note that in Evolution 21, when using the Tiller as a water tower, place the apparatus 25 to 35 feet from building.
- Note that in Evolution 21A when using the Rearmount as a water tower, place the apparatus 25-30’ away from building ***
(Ladders 2 3.1.1)
A ladder company is reviewing four recent fires they operated at in which the Aerial Ladder was used. In which instance was the Aerial Ladder used properly?
A) The tip of the Aerial Ladder was placed 6 inches from a 5th floor window sill in which a victim was in need of rescue.
B) The tip was placed 7 feet above and 2 inches from the parapet wall to access the roof of a 7 story MD.
C) The Ladder was placed 2 feet alongside a fire escape balcony railing and 2 inches from the face of the building to remove occupants from the fire escape landing.
D) When two occupants required rescue at two different windows on the same floor, the turntable was placed in line with the most seriously exposed victim.
ANSWER: C) The Ladder was placed 2 feet alongside a fire escape balcony railing and 2 inches from the face of the building to remove occupants from the fire escape landing.
(Ladders 2 3.1.5)
A - 2 to 6 inches from window sill is correct, however when placing the arrival at a window sill for RESCUE use the 2” positioning.
B - The book states that for a very extreme angle such as the ROOF OF A 7 STY BUILDING the aerial ladder should BARELY TOUCH the building. (At least 5 feet above the parapet)
D - When 2 occupants require rescue at two different windows on same floor, place the turntable MIDWAY BETWEEN VICTIMS.
Generally, what is the preferred order for removal of people from a fire building?
- Fire escapes
- Interior Stairs
- Life Saving Rope
- Horizontal Exits
- Ladders
A) 4,1,3,2,5 B) 1,2,4,5,3 C) 4,2,5,1,3 D) 2,4,1,5,3
ANSWER: D) 2,4,1,5,3
“In Hot Fires Leave Rapidly”
“I Have Five Little Rats”
I - Interior stairs H - Horizontal exits F - Fire escapes L - Ladders R - Rope
(Ladders 2 6.7)
Frequently a member’s assignment calls for two tools, one of which is the 6’ hook. The hook is the only tool that need not to be actually carried on aerial ladders, portable ladders or fire escapes. The other tool (axe, halligan) is carried and the hook is extended arms length overhead and hooked on a rung. It is it touched again until the member has climbed to a position where the top of the hook is about __________ level.
A) Shoulder
B) Chest
C) Waist
D) Knee
ANSWER: D) Knee
- Top of hook at knee level
(Ladders 2 7.15.1)
Ladder 600 is operating at a fire on the 4th floor of a 6 story old law tenement. The officer orders the LCC to vent three 4th floor windows using the aerial ladder. The LCC would be correct to take all of the steps listed below except for which one?
A) Position the center of the turntable at the center of the span of windows.
B) Aim as high as possible in the upper window panel, and extend without hitting the sides or top of the window frame.
C) Extend the ladder slightly through the window to avoid striking the ceiling.
D) Lower the ladder to crack the horizontal sash and vent the window. Under no circumstance shall lateral pressure be exerted to vent the windows.
ANSWER: B) Aim as high as possible in the upper window panel, and extend without hitting the sides or top of the window frame. (INCORRECT)
- Aim JUST ABOVE THE SASH then drop aerial onto the sash
(Ladders 2 4.2)
A ladder company arrives at a fire and finds a victim at a 5th floor window that is in need of rescue. After properly positioning the rig, the OV and LCC should take all but which of the following actions?
A) The OV should ascend the ladder followed by the LCC, climb in the window and assist the victim onto the ladder feet first.
B) The LCC placed himself one rung below the victim is standing on and descended in unison (right foot for right foot and left foot for left foot).
C) When the victim panicked, the LCC pressed the victim against the ladder with his or her own body and did not resume the descent until the victim was capable of continuing.
D) The LCC assisted the victim to turntable then returned to the window to assist the OV with any other potential victims.
ANSWER: D) The LCC assisted the victim to turntable then returned to the window to assist the OV with any other potential victims. (INCORRECT)
- Assist the victim to the STREET then return to window to assist any other potential victims.
(Ladders 2 5.9)
You’re working a 9x6 in an Aerial Ladder Company when you arrive at a fire in a front bedroom of a row frame where 2 occupants require rescue from the same window in that bedroom. One occupant is an elderly non ambulatory woman and the other is a young ambulatory man. At this fire you should expect your OV and LCC to take which action?
A) Both members should assist the non ambulatory victim onto the ladder first and the OV should assist this victim to the street while the LCC begins removal of the ambulatory victim.
B) Both members should assist the non ambulatory victim onto the ladder first and the LCC should assist this victim to the street while the OV begins removal of the ambulatory victim.
C) Both members should assist the ambulatory victim onto the ladder first and the OV should assist this victim to the street while the LCC begins removal of the non ambulatory victim.
D) Both members should assist the ambulatory victim onto the ladder first and the LCC should assist this victim to the street while the OV begins removal of the non ambulatory victim.
ANSWER: B) Both members should assist the non ambulatory victim onto the ladder first and the LCC should assist this victim to the street while the OV begins removal of the ambulatory victim.
- 2 victims showing “BSFD” (Back simple / Front difficult)
- Since the location of the fire was in the front, the OV/LCC made the difficult rescue first.
(Ladders 2 5.11)
Lt. Alonso is discussing basic aerial ladder operations with the members of his ladder company. Which statement made by the Lt. was not correct?
A) Always carry small children down ladders.
B) When there are more than two victims to be rescued, the Officer should contact the second ladder Officer and inform them of the need for assistance.
C) The Officer of the Ladder Company should strive to enter the fire block after the first Engine and from the same direction.
D) The LCC is charged with the responsibility for proper placement of the ladder. If a rescue is to be attempted, the LCC and OV should operate together.
ANSWER: D) The LCC is charged with the responsibility for proper placement of the ladder. If a rescue is to be attempted, the LCC and OV should operate together. (INCORRECT)
- The OFFICER is responsible for proper placement of the apparatus.
(Ladders 2 6.7)
Choose a correct answer regarding the use of aerial ladders at fire scenes.
A) Chauffeurs should never run over hose lines in the street.
B) The ladder chauffeur should remain on the turntable when members have entered the building by aerial ladder and are in precarious positions.
C) An Aerial Ladder placed to the roof of an isolated building should never be moved if it is the only safe egress from that roof.
D) When finished with the aerial ladder at a location, always retract the ladder from the building before raising the ladder.
ANSWER: B) The ladder chauffeur should remain on the turntable when members have entered the building by aerial ladder and are in precarious positions. (INCORRECT)
A - Chauffeurs IF POSSIBLE should not run over lines in street.
C - Aerial Ladder To Roof of an isolated building should not be moved UNLESS ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY. (Notify member on roof and return it to the roof as soon as possible)
D - When finished, RAISE ladder first before RETRACTING from building.
(Ladders 2 7.3)
Which of the following choices is not listed in Ladders 2 as a precaution to take during Aerial ladder operations?
A) The area immediately around the turntable is designated a Danger Zone. If a member is to climb the aerial at the start of an operation, they shall remain in the street before the Aerial is raised and rotated.
B) Wheel chocks should be placed to prevent movement of the apparatus. Carry one set of chocks on each side of the apparatus.
C) When both stabilizers are properly in place, both STABILIZER DOWN green lights will be illuminated.
D) For extended operations or when the turntable will be left unattended, disengage the power take off in order to prevent accidental movement of the ladder.
ANSWER: A) The area immediately around the turntable is designated a Danger Zone. If a member is to climb the aerial at the start of an operation, they shall remain in the street before the Aerial is raised and rotated. (INCORRECT)
- Member shall TAKE A POSITION ON THE TURNTABLE before Aerial is raised and rotated.
(Ladders 2 8.2)
Aerial ladder 99 arrives 1st at a fire on the 5th floor of a 6 story OLT that has one railroad flat per floor. On arrival, there are two civilians showing at a front window of the fire apartment who need to be rescued as fire is showing from a front window adjacent to them. One civilian is elderly and obese, and the other is ambulatory. In this situation, it would be most correct if the aerial ladder is placed?
A) 2 inches from the building, and the ambulatory victim is removed first.
B) 4 inches from the building, and the ambulatory victim is removed first.
C) 2 inches from the building, and the non-ambulatory victim is removed first
D) 4 inches from the building, and the non-ambulatory victim is removed first
ANSWER: C) 2 inches from the building, and the non-ambulatory victim is removed first.
“BSFD” (Back/Simple Front/Difficult)
- Fire was showing from the FRONT so make the DIFFICULT (non-ambulatory) removal first.
- Use 2 inch positioning for rescue.
(Ladders 2 - 3.1.5)
In order to provide a good climbing angle, the aerial ladder apparatus shall be placed ____ feet from the building.
A) 15 to 25
B) 20 to 30
C) 25 to 35
D) 32
C) 25 to 35
(Aerial Lad 3.1.1)
** NOTE: Figure 1A shows a picture of apparatus positioned approximately 25 to 35 feet from building to INBOARD SIDE of apparatus. **
** ALSO NOTE: AL 8.6 says place INBOARD SIDE of apparatus NOT MORE THAN 35’ from the building line.
In order to utilize the aerial ladder effectively, members must have a proper understanding of how the ladder should be positioned relative to the objective. Which of the following statements describes aerial ladder positioning correctly?
A) Recommended distance of the tip from the objective is 2” to 6”. In the case of rescue, use the 6” positioning.
B) At a very extreme angle, e.g., placing the ladder to the roof of a seven story building, ensure the ladder does not touch the building.
C) Place the ladder alongside the fire escape with the tip 2” away from the face of the building and slightly above the fire escape balcony railing.
D) When positioning the ladder at a window the ladder tip may extend 5” over the window sill which will allow for unimpeded access and egress at the window.
ANSWER: D) When positioning the ladder at a window the ladder tip may extend 5” over the window sill which will allow for unimpeded access and egress at the window.
(Ladders 2 3.1.5; 3.1.6; 3.3.1)
A - In the case of rescue, use the 2” POSITIONING
B- Allow the ladder to BARELY TOUCH THE BUILDING
C - 1 TO 3 FEET ABOVE the fire escape railing
D - When positioning a ladder at a window, the placement must allow for unimpeded access and egress at this window. Therefore, the ladder tip should be BE LESS THAN 6” OVER THE WINDOW SILL.
You’re the company officer of an aerial ladder arriving first due for a fire in a 25x60 NFP multiple dwelling. There are no people showing on arrival. Your unit takes the following actions. Which one is correct?
A) Your LCC positioned the turntable approximately 15’ from the side wall passed on her approach.
B) The truck was readied for raising the aerial.
C) When all ladder company operations can be performed efficiently with portable ladders (e.g. where involved and exposed structures are four stories or less in height), the officer shall make every effort to maintain accessibility of nearby hydrants and to allow for in-line pumping.
D) When street conditions does not allow for apparatus to pass another piece of apparatus, the officer shall make every effort to maintain accessibility of nearby hydrants and to allow for in-line pumping.
ANSWER: B) The truck was readied for raising the aerial.
(Aerial Ladders 3.4)
- 30’ or less in width is a NARROW BUILDING so the following applies:
A - Positioned turntable in CENTER of the building
C - (e.g. where involved and exposed structures are THREE STORIES OR LESS in height)
D - When street conditions ALLOW for apparatus to pass another piece of apparatus, the officer shall make every effort to maintain accessibility of nearby hydrants and to allow for in-line pumping.
Often times at fire operations the aerial ladder is used to perform ventilation of windows. This horizontal ventilation should be controlled, communicated, and coordinated with interior operations. Other precautions when venting with the aerial ladder are mentioned below. Which one of them is correct?
A) Only under extremely unusual circumstances shall ventilation of the windows be effected by exerting lateral pressure with the ladder.
B) Only slight extension through the window is required.
C) When the angle becomes extreme, just lower the ladder so that the outside beam breaks the window.
D) When venting for extinguishment, aim at lower window panels, just below the sash, and extend without hitting the sides or tops of the window frames.
ANSWER: B) Only slight extension through the window is required.
(Aerial Ladders 4.6)
A - UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES shall ventilation of the windows be effected by exerting lateral pressure with the ladder.
C - When the angle becomes extreme, just lower the ladder so that the INSIDE BEAM breaks the window.
D - Aim at the UPPER window panels, just ABOVE the sash
Operations involving the removal of victims via the aerial ladder are dangerous for both the victim and the rescuer. Which of the following choices is incorrect regarding these operations?
A) The OV (tiller firefighter) set the chocks and stabilizers. An alternative method, when staffing is available, is to have one member assigned to the inboard side stabilizer and chocks while the OV takes care of the outboard side.
B) Only in an extreme emergency such as an exposure to heavy smoke or high heat will the movement of the ladder with firefighter and the victim be justified.
C) The OV ascends the ladder followed by the chauffer, climbs in the window, assists victim out feet first, closes the door to the fire area, and then searches the area.
D) To descend with an ambulatory victim, place yourself one rung below the rung the victim is standing on.
ANSWER: B) Only in an extreme emergency such as an exposure to heavy smoke or high heat will the movement of the ladder with firefighter and the victim be justified. (INCORRECT)
(Aerial Ladders 5.2; 5.6; 5.7; 8.9; 8.10)
- Such as exposure to FLAME OR HIGH HEAT (Not smoke)
NOTE “A” CHOICE: OV=Outboard: “OO”
(Cross Reference Aerial Ladders 8.9 and 8.10)
- Avoid moving the ladder while MEMBERS are on it, except to remove them from SERIOUS EXPOSURE OR FOR AN EXTREME RESCUE EFFORT.
- Do not EXTEND OR RETRACT the ladder while members are on it.
When discussing Aerial Ladders, the most correct statement made can be found in which choice?
A) Each Aerial stabilizer requires a clearance of 6 feet for full extension
B) Aerial load capacity varies from 250-750 lbs at the tip depending on the degree of elevation
C) When the ground is not level and the apparatus is leaning, start with the stabilizer on the highest side first. The low side stabilizer shall be extended as necessary and then lowered to a point that levels the apparatus
D) The Rung Alignment Indicator Light must be ON before permitting personnel to climb ladder
ANSWER: B) Aerial load capacity varies from 250-750 lbs at the tip depending on the degree of elevation.
(Training Bulletins Apparatus L-7 1.4)
A - 5’ 2” clearance for full extension
C - When the ground is not level and the apparatus is leaning, start with the stabilizer on the LOWEST side first. The low side stabilizer shall be fully extended horizontally and lowered to its maximum. The HIGH side stabilizer shall be extended as necessary and then lowered to a point that levels the apparatus.
NOTE: If the inboard stabilizer (working side) is also the high side, it must be fully extended horizontally and then lowered the distance necessary to level the apparatus for a safe operation.
D- IF POSSIBLE, make sure Rung Alignment Indicator light is ON before permitting personnel to climb ladder.
At an isolated building, when roof access and egress via conventionally positioned aerial ladders would be endangered or impeded by a serious fire condition, officers should consider the following points. Which one is incorrect?
A) Use one of the aerial ladders by having it placed to the least exposed sidewall of the building.
B) This position may require placing the apparatus on the sidewalk.
C) Members should ascend and descend at close intervals.
D) This use of the aerial ladder requires that it initially be placed in the cantilever position with the tip close to the building so that when placed under load it will ether not touch or barely touch the wall.
ANSWER: C) Members should ascend and descend at close intervals. (INCORRECT)
(Aerial Ladders 3.6)
- At a WELL SPACED intervals.
There are many variables that impact how victims are removed from a building via an aerial ladder. Which statement is incorrect?
A) If there are two victims and one is heavy and more trouble to remove and the other one ambulatory and less trouble, remove the ambulatory victim first when there is a serious fire in the front of the building.
B) Always carry small children down ladders.
C) Removal is not considered complete until the victim is removed all the way to the ground. Do not leave them on turntable.
D) If the victims requires, render first aid unless you are needed to assist in additional rescue operations.
ANSWER: A) If there are two victims and one is heavy and more trouble to remove and the other one ambulatory and less trouble, remove the ambulatory victim first when there is a serious fire in the front of the building. (INCORRECT)
(Aerial Ladders 5.9; 5.10; 5.11; 5.13)
“BSFD” (BACK/SIMPLE AND FRONT/DIFFICULT)
- A serious fire in the front might cut off ladder descent in a short period of time. Both members assist the most helpless victim onto the ladder and the chauffeur assists the victim below the point of danger and then to the street. While the chauffeur is slowly descending, the OV climbs out onto the ladder and assists the more ambulatory person onto the ladder and complete descent is made.
