L31: Digestive System #2

Question 1

Role of parietal peritoneum?

Answer 1

• lines inner surface of body wall
• attached to abdominal and pelvic walls
• secretes peritoneal fluid and stores fat

Question 2

visceral peritoneum is wrapped around the organs within what space?

Answer 2

intraperitoneal space

Question 3

role of mesenteries and what do they contain?

Answer 3

• folds of peritoneum that support the intraperitoneal GI tract organs
• contains vessels, nerves and lymphatics

Question 4

What are intraperitoneal organs?

Answer 4

• suspended into peritoneal cavity
• CONTAIN mesenteries
• movable

Question 5

what are retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 5

• NOT suspended into peritoneal cavity
• LACK mesenteries
• immobile

Question 6

what kind of organs are the pancreas, kidneys, duodenum, ascending and descending colon?

Answer 6

retroperitoneal organs

Question 7

unpaired organs get blood supply from?

Answer 7

unpaired blood vessels

Question 8

organs above transverse mesocolon get blood supply from?

Answer 8

celiac trunk

Question 9

organs below transverse mesocolon get blood supply from?

Answer 9

mesenteric arteries

Question 10

organs located on the right side of mesentery get blood supply from?

Answer 10

superior mesenteric artery

Question 11

organs located on left side of mesentery get blood supply from?

Answer 11

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 12

what is the celiac trunk?

Answer 12

• branch of abdominal aorta

- supplies all organs located intraperitoneally and above the transverse mesocolon

Question 13

why does the celiac trunk only supply superior parts of pancreas and duodenum?

Answer 13

• both organs are located above and below transverse mesocolon

Question 14

the superior mesenteric artery supplies?

Answer 14

• right side of mesenterium

ascending and transverse colon, small intestine, parts of pancreas and duodenum

Question 15

inferior mesenteric artery supplies?

Answer 15

• left side of mesenterium (descending and sigmoid colon, upper parts of rectum)

Question 16

what secretes the cholecystokinin peptide hormone?

Answer 16

duodenum and jejunum

Question 17

what is the largest visceral organ

Answer 17

the liver

Question 18

function of liver

Answer 18

• secretion
• hematological regulation
• metabolic regulation

Question 19

what is the largest blood reservoir

Answer 19

liver (25% of cardiac output)

Question 20

what kind of blood does the hepatic portal vein contain

Answer 20

nutrient rich, oxygen poor blood

Question 21

what kind of blood does the hepatic artery proper contain

Answer 21

oxygen rich blood

Question 22

what are the 2 supplies to the liver

Answer 22

• hepatic portal vein

- hepatic artery proper

Question 23

how much do portal veins contribute of blood volume in the liver?

Answer 23

75% (rich in nutrients, poor in oxygen)

Question 24

how much blood volume does the hepatic artery contribute to the liver

Answer 24

25% (rich in oxygen, poor in nutrients)

Question 25

when does the blood from the portal veins and the hepatic artery mix ?

Answer 25

as it enters and passes through a liver lobule

Question 26

when the blood from the portal veins and hepatic artery mix, what is it collected by?

Answer 26

• hepatic central vein

- carries 100% of blood out of liver and into inferior vena cava

Question 27

what is the falciform ligament in the liver?

Answer 27

peritoneal fold that secures the liver to the abdominal wall

Question 28

what is the round ligament of the liver?

Answer 28

remnant of the fetal umbilical vein

Question 29

what does the lesser omentum contain?

Answer 29

veins/arteries of the liver and stomach

- bile duct

Question 30

function of gallbladder?

Answer 30

concentrates bile produced by liver and stored until needed for digestion (40-60 mls)

Question 31

what connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct?

Answer 31

cystic duct

Question 32

endocrine function of pancreas?

Answer 32

• production of insulin and glucagon (regulate blood glucose levels/ secreted in blood stream)

Question 33

exocrine function of pancreas?

Answer 33

• production of pancreatic juice

Question 34

parasympathetic/ sympathetic activity in the pancreas?

Answer 34

parasympathetic: stimulates pancreatic juice secretion
sympathetic: inhibits pancreatic juice secretion