L26: The Heart Flashcards
what do blood vessels consist of ?
- arteries
- capillaries
- veins
role of arteries
carry blood AWAY from heart (mostly oxygenated blood)
role of capillaries
- supply body cells with nutrients and oxygen
- take waste products away
role of veins
RETURN blood to heart (mostly deoxygenated blood)
what is the heart
muscular organ that pumps blood through blood vessels
what is blood
- fluid connective tissue that is transported in the cardiovascular system
what separates the left and right side of the heart?
a muscle wall called the septum
what does the right heart deal with?
- oxygen poor blood
- is a low pressure system (pulmonary circulation)
what does the left heart deal with?
- oxygen rich blood
- high pressure system (systemic circulation)
where is the heart located?
- left of the body midline; posterior to the sternum in the mediastinum
where is the right atrium and ventricle located?
more anteriorly
where is the left atrium and ventricle located
more posteriorly
what is the mediastinum?
- space between sternum (ventral), vertebral column (dorsal), lungs (right&left lateral), and diaphragm (caudal)
what is the fibrous (tough) pericardium? what is it attached to?
- sac of fibrous connective tissue that envelopes the heart
- attached to great vessels and diaphragm
what does the serous (delicate) pericardium consist of?
- parietal pericardium
- visceral pericardium
where is the parietal pericardium located
- parietal layer lines inside of fibrous pericardium
where is visceral pericardium located
- visceral layer directly covers outer surface of heart
where is the pericardial cavity
- between 2 serous layers and contains fluid film
which muscles are smaller, cardiac or skeletal?
cardiac muscle tissue
what does cardiac muscle tissue contain?
- myofibrils
- sarcomeres (striated)
where do cardiac muscle tissue interconnect
at intercalated discs
how do cardiac muscles contract
- spontaneously
- without neural input
what innervates cardiac muscle tissue
autonomic nervous system
role of pulmonary circuit
- pumps blood from right heart through pulmonary vessels, to lungs, and back to left side of heart
role of systemic circuit
- pumps blood from left heart, through systemic vessels in peripheral tissues, and back to right heart
what separates atria
- interatrial septa
what separates ventricles
interventricular septa
what do you find within septa?
the fibrous skeleton of the heart (dense irregular connective tissue)