L2 DIRECTIONAL TERMINOLOGY Flashcards
Superior/cranial?
- upper
- towards the head end of the body
Inferior/ caudal?
- lower
- away from the head (the foot)
anterior/ ventral? example?
- front (kneecap located on anterior side of leg)
posterior/dorsal? example?
- back
- shoulder blades located on posterior side of body)
medial? example?
- toward midline of body
- middle toe is located at medial side of foot
lateral? example?
- away from midline
- little toe located at lateral side of foot
proximal? example?
- toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a part
- proximal end of the femur joins with pelvic bone
distal? example?
- away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin
- hand is located at the distal end of the forearm
Proximal vs Distal in Blood Vessels?
- In arteries, blood flows proximal to distal
- In veins, flow is distal to proximal
unilateral?
- affecting only one side
bilateral?
- affecting both right and left sides
ipsilateral?
- affecting same side of the body
contralateral
- affecting opposite sides of the body
coronal plan (frontal plane) ?
- vertical plane running from side to side
- divides body into anterior and posterior portions
sagittal plane (lateral plane)?
- vertical plane running from front to back
- divides body into right and left sides
axial plane (transverse plane)?
- horizontal plane
- divides body into upper and lower parts
midsagittal plane (median plane) ?
- passes from front to back through midline of body
- divides body into left and right halves
oblique plane?
- slanted plane (not horizontal or vertical)
- passes through the body
movements in the sagittal plane occur around?
a coronal axis
functions of the sagittal plane? what kind of movements occur?
- divides the body into left and right parts
- forward and backwards movements of the body occur
functions of the coronal plane? what kind of movements occur?
- divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
- lateral movements of the body occur
movements in the coronal plane occur around a ___ axis?
sagittal
functions of the transverse plane? what kind of movements occur?
- divides body into superior and inferior portions
- horizontal movements occur when body is in anatomical position
movements in the transverse plane occur around a ___ axis?
longitudinal
inversion?
turning the sole of the foot inward
eversion?
turning the sole of the foot outward
dorsiflexion?
ankle movement bringing the foot towards the shin
plantarflexion?
ankle movement pointing the foot downward
Anatomical terms apply to the ____ of movement, regardless of ____
direction,
final position