Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IIH > L11: Barrier And Innate Immunity > Flashcards

L11: Barrier And Innate Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the physical barriers of immunity

A

Skin
Lung
Gut mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the active barrier defence in immunity

A

Cilia
Secretions
Antibacterial peptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are commensal bacteria

A

Good bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are paneth cells located

A

Underneath epithelial cels of the gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do paneth cells secrete

A

Antimicrobial peptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What cells are on top of epithelial cells

A

Mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the role of the mucosa

A

Trap bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are commensal bacteria found

A

On top of mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens when a pathogen breathes the barriers

A

It becomes in contact with the innate immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Does the innate immune system have memory

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does vasodilaiton create

A

Erythema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does increased vascular permeability create

A

Oedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does cytokines create

A

Heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does nerve stimulation create

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does erythema and oedema allow

A

Cells to migrate from circulation to tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does heat produced by cytokines allow

A

Inhibit pathogen growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does pain due to nerve stimulation allow

A

Withdrawal from insult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which cells of the innate immune system recognise the threat

A

Dendritic cells

Macrophages

19
Q

Which cells of the innate immune system engulf

A

Macrophages

Neutrophils

20
Q

Which cells of the innate immune system kill pathogen by releasing granules

A

Eosinophils
Mast cells
Basophils
Neutrophils

21
Q

What are granulocytes

A

Cells that have granules

22
Q

Name the cells of the granulocytes

A

Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils
Mast cells

23
Q

What cells do macrophages originate from

A

Monocytes

24
Q

What are macrophages involved in

A

Detects and phagocytosis

25
Q

What is the role of dendritic cells

A

Capture and process antigen

26
Q

In terms of MHC what do dendritic cells do

A

Break proteins to peptides

Peptides are on cells surface and present it on MHC to T cells in adaptive immunity

27
Q

What exactly are pathogens recognised by

A

Pattern recognition receptors

28
Q

What do PRR recognise on the pathogens

A

PAMPs

29
Q

What are the 4 families of PRR

A

Toll like
Nucleotide oligotherisation receptros
RIG-1 like receptors
C typed lectin receptors

30
Q

What happens to the cell when PRRs recognise different pathogens

A

Stimulate the nucleus to produce cytokines

31
Q

What are the proteins of the innate immune system

A

Cytokines
Acute phase proteins
Complement proteins

32
Q

What is the role of cytokines

A

Modulate cell activity

Attract chemokines

33
Q

What is the role of acute phase protein

A

Present on pathogens

34
Q

What are the roles of complement proteins

A

Opsonisation
Killing
Activation
Chemoattraction

35
Q

What are the types of cytokines

A

Pro inflammatory
Anti inflammatory
Influence cellular differentiation
Direct cellular migration

36
Q

What can the action of cytokines be on cells

A

Autocrine
Paracrine
Endocrine

37
Q

What are the key cytokine families

A 
Interferon 
Chemokine 
Tumour necrosis factor family 
Interleukin family 
Haematopoietins
Transforming growth factor beta family
38
Q

What is opsonisation

A

A way of coating a pathogen to make it more visible to the immune system

39
Q

What are pathogens opsonised by

A

Complement proteins
CRP and acute phase proteins
Immunoglobulin

40
Q

What cell produces immunoglobulin

A

B cells

41
Q

What immune system is B cells part of

A

Adaptive immune system

42
Q

What are the 3 mechanisms of activating the complement system

A

Classical pathway
Lectin pathway
Alternative pathway

43
Q

What are the consequences of the complement activation

A 
Inflammation 
Cytolysis 
Opsonisation 
Chemotaxis 
Inactivation of complement

IIH (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions