L07: Antimicrobial Resistance

Question 1

What is anti microbial resistance

Answer 1

A pathogen has got a new genetic material which makes it resistance to something it was susceptible to such as drugs

Question 2

In bacteria what is the anti microbial resistance called

Answer 2

Antibiotics resistance

Question 3

What are the site of action of antibiotics in bacteria

Answer 3

Bacterial cell wall
Nucleic acid synthesis
Protein synthesis

Question 4

How does antimicrobial resistance develop

Answer 4

1) small niche has a resistance to antibiotics due to mutation by chance
2) selective pressure which is the antibiotics gets rid of the bacteria that does not have resistance to is.
3) resistance bacteria that survives produces more as there is no competition
4) when patient leaves the antibiotics, 2 things happen: mutated population remains high or bacteria you got rid of produces again
5) the new population of the resistant bacteria either stays there or doesn’t

Question 5

What are the common resistant bacteria

Answer 5

MRSA
VRE
ESBL

Question 6

How do we measure antimicrobial resistance

Answer 6

Minimum inhibitory concentration
Or
Detection of resistance mutation

Question 7

What does minimum inhibitory concentration measure to detect resistance

Answer 7

It measures MIC which is the ‘minimum in vitro concrentation’ which an antibiotic can inhibit growth

Question 8

Which media is used to measure MIC

Answer 8

Discs

Question 9

How do we measure mutations for resistance

Answer 9

Using PCR or bioinformatics