Inflammation and Healing Flashcards
What is inflammation/inflammatory response?
The bodies non specific response to tissue injury.
Response is a normal, protective mechanism.
Localise and prevent further injury.
Inflammation is not infection, infection may cause inflammation.
What 2 things stimulates inflammation?
Tissue damage
Or
Antigen.
What happens in the inflammatory response?
Damaged cells release chemical mediators into interstitial fluid and blood.
Macrophages & mast cells are present in the tissues; they are triggered by signals sent out when tissue damage occurs in minutes.
What do mast cells release when activated?
They release histamines, cytokines & lipid mediators.
What are the two lipid mediators?
Leukotrienes
Prostaglandins
What do histamines, cytokines and lipid mediators travel around and cause?
Retracting of the endothelial cells in the capillary wall.
Capillaries to dilate.
Increase capillary pressure (hydrostatic pressure)
Capiliaries to become more permeable.
What is the result of when histamines, cytokines and lipid mediators travel around?
Neutrophils squeeze between the gaps and hoover up pathogens
(phagocytosis).
What does extravasation mean?
The leakage of fluids from a vein into the surrounding tissue.
What is the complement system?
It is a family of proteins that become activated during the inflammatory response.
They bind to microbes and attract leukocytes.
They can also drill a hole through the membrane of the microbe.
What are the symptoms of inflammation?
Swelling
Redness
Heat
Pain
Loss of function
Vascularised tissue (veiny)
What is the healing process regarding inflammation?
Its the immediate next step after inflammation.
What are the two main steps to healing?
Regeneration
Repair
What is the regenerative step of healing?
Replacement of original
tissue with functional tissue
of the same type.
Has to be cells that are capable of mitosis.
Which tissues cannot perform mitosis?
Cardiac
Skeletal muscle
Neurons
What is stroma?
It is a type of connective tissue.
