Dislocations Flashcards
What is dislocation?
Complete separation of 2 articulating bony surfaces, often caused by sudden impact to the joint
What are the risk factors of dislocation?
Frailty
Older adults
Connective tissue disorders
Calcium deficiency
Commonly synovial joints
What are some common causes of dislocations?
High force impact sports
Falls
RTC’s
Any sudden force impacting the joint.
What is the percentage spread of dislocations?
Shoulder - 72% occur in males, typically anterior dislocation.
Hip - posterior dislocations account for 90%.
Patella - account for 2-3% of knee injuries, females and adolescents at higher risk.
Ankle - occur in 30-50% of lower extremity fractures.
Fingers - occurs mainly in males 15-19yrs. 78.7% males - 12.3% females.
What are the common types of dislocation?
Shoulder - anterior, posterior, inferior.
Ankle - anterior, posterior, lateral, superior.
Knee - medial, lateral, anterior, posterior.
Hip - super anterior (pubic), inferior anterior (obturator)
What is paramedic management of dislocations?
DO NOT RELOCATE !!
Analgesia
Splinting
What are the red flags of a shoulder dislocation?
-Suspected actor rotator cuff tear.
-Suspected malignancy
-Suspected septic arthritis
-Suspected inflammatory arthritis.
What are the red flags for knee dislocation?
-Septic arthritis
-Fractures
-Evidence of neurovascular compromise
-Rupture of quadricep or patella tendon
-First time knee injury
-Soft tissue injury with gross instability
What is the in-hospital management for dislocations?
Diagnostics (XRAY,CT,MRI)
Ongoing analgesia
Long term splinting
Referral to fracture clinic
Possible surgery
What is the post injury management for dislocations?
Fracture clinic assessment
Physiotherapy
Short term analgesia
At home management
What are long term complications of analgesia usage?
Addiction
Gastric complications
Increased risk of falls
What are some long term complications of analgesia usage?
Chronic pain
Chronic conditions
Increased risk of falls
Weakness
