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EV ACVD Study > ICADA Immunology > Flashcards

ICADA Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of T cell is located in the dermis?

A

αβ T cells

CD4+ > CD8+

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2
Q

Which type of T cell is located in the epidermis?

A

γδ T cells > αβ T cells

CD8+ > CD4+

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3
Q

Which type of T cells are present in increased number in lesional cAD skin?

A

CD4+ and CD8+ T cells

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4
Q

Which type of T cell is in increased number in nonlesional cAD skin?

A

CD8+ T cells

(not CD4+)

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5
Q

Which receptor do T cells have to recruit them to atopic skin?

A

CCR4

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6
Q

What chemokine helps recruit T cells to atopic skin?

A

TARC (thymus and activation regulated chemokine)

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7
Q

What cell makes TARC; upregulates it in cAD skin?

A

Keratinocytes

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8
Q

Are CD4+ or CD8+ T cells increased more in cAD?

A

CD4+ T cells

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9
Q

Are CD25+ CD4+ T cells increased or decreased in cAD dogs?

A

Increased

BUT CD25 is both on activated and Tregs, so confusing

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10
Q

T or F: HIGH levels of CD25 correspond to increased Treg

A

TRUE

Increased FOXP3 expression

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11
Q

T or F: CD25 can be used as a Treg biomarker

A

FALSE

Also present on activated T cells. But high levels are suggestive of Treg (with 2’ FOXP3 upregulation)

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12
Q

Which signals are associated with Treg?

A

-IL-10
-TGFβ
-FOXP3

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13
Q

TSLP causes activation of which cells?

A

Dendritic cells
Mast cells

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14
Q

Which TLRs induce production of TSLP by keratinocytes?

A

TLR3
TLR4

(NOT TLR2, TLR7)

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15
Q

Is IL-31 upregulated in non-allergic inflammatory conditions?

A

No

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16
Q

What are the 2 types of T cells IL-10 can interact with

A

Th2
Treg

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17
Q

List the Th2 cytokines, chemokines (10)

A

1) IL-4
2) TSLP
3) IL-31
4) IL-13
5) IL-5
6) MCP1
7) RANTES
8) MCP3
9) TARC
10) IL-10

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18
Q

While Th2 is crucial for sensitization and acute allergy, which T cell type may be more involved in chronic disease

A

Th1

(Actually Th17, Th22 per Fadock)

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19
Q

What is the role of Th17

A

Mucosal immunity
Autoimmune disease

IL-23 expression induces Th17

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20
Q

Th1 cytokines

A

IFNγ
IL-12

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21
Q

Treg cytokines

A

IL-10
FOXP3
TGFβ

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22
Q

Does IL-10 levels increase or decrease with successful immunotherapy

A

Increase

Along with CD4+/FOXP3+ T cells

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23
Q

IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNFa, IL-8 and IL-18 are elevated in cAD and non-atopic inflammation. T or F: these cytokines mediate nonspecific inflammation

A

True

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24
Q

Is CCL28 increased or decreased in atopic skin

A

INCREASED –> chemotactic
for resting CD4+, CD8+ cells & eosinophils

25
Q

T or F: Both lesional and nonlesional atopic
skin express CCL4, CCL19, CCL20,
CCL21 and CCL24

26
Q

Role of CCL19

A

Also called MIP-3β= Macrophage inhibitory protein 3b

Chemotactic for dendritic cells and lymphocytes

27
Q

Role of calcium-binding protein S100A8

A

Chemotactic for neutrophils

28
Q

Which genes are on the epidermal differentiation complex

A

S100A
Profilaggrin
Loricrin
Involucrin

29
Q

Which biomarker correlates with CADESI score

30
Q

Which chromosome contains the epidermal differentiation complex, including S100A8

A

Chromosome 7

31
Q

Other proteins upregulated in cAD skin?

A
  • SERPINB4/SCCA2
  • serum amyloid A (SAA)
  • tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1)
  • serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 5 (SPINK5)

may be general inflammation; not specific to allergic inflamm

32
Q

Which protein is implicated in tumor metastasis

33
Q

GOLGA4 subfamily

A

Genes involved in ceramide transport to the cell surface

Upregulated in atopic skin (lesional, nonlesional) compared to normal skin

34
Q

S100A8, SAA, SERPINB4/SCCA2 and TIMP1

A

Genes upregulated in LESIONAL cAD skin relative to healthy skin

35
Q

Function of S100A8

A

Proinflammatory. Neutrophil chemotaxis

36
Q

Function of SAA

A

Lipoprotein in acute phase responese

37
Q

Function of SERPINB4

A

Serine protease inhibitor

38
Q

Function of SPINK5

A

Serine protease inhibitor, involved in hair/epidermis development

39
Q

Function of TIMP1

A

MMP inhibition, limits wound healing/remodeling

40
Q

Function of IL-1b

A

Proinflammatory, acute phase protein response

41
Q

Function of IL-2

A

Th1. T cell proliferation

42
Q

Function of IL-4

A

Th2. Stimulates IgE production

(INCREASED in cAD skin.
DECREASED in cAD blood.)

43
Q

Function of IL-5

A

Th2. Eosinophil recruitment

(INCREASED in both cAD skin and blood)

44
Q

Function of IL-6

A

General proinflammatory. Acute phase response. Lymphocyte proliferation

45
Q

Function of IL-10

A

Treg. Suppressive

46
Q

Function of IL-12

A

Turn naive T cells to Th1 cells

47
Q

Function of IL-13

A

Th2. Stimulate IgE production (like IL-4)

(INCREASED in both cAD skin and blood)

48
Q

Function of IFNg

A

Th1. Activates macrophages. Suppresses Th2

(INCREASED cAD skin.
DECREASED cAD blood)

49
Q

Function of TNFalpha

A

General proinflammatory. Recruits WBC

50
Q

TSLP

A

Th2. Induces more Th2 cytokines from dendritic cells

51
Q

Function of TGFbeta

A

Treg. Immunosuppressive
(DECREASED in cAD skin)

52
Q

Function of CCL19

A

Chemotactic for DC, lymphocytes

53
Q

Function of CCL28

A

Chemotactic for resting lymphocytes, eosinophils

54
Q

Function of CCR4

A

Receptor for TARC, MDC, MCP

(INCREASED in both cAD skin and blood)

55
Q

Function of TARC

A

Chemotactic for T cells.
Biomarker for cAD

56
Q

Function of MCP1, MCP 3

A

Chemotactic for monocytes, basophils, eosinophils

57
Q

Function of MCP2

A

Chemotactic for Th2 cells

58
Q

Function of CCL27

A

Chemotactic for memory T cells (DECREASED in cAD skin)

EV ACVD Study (52 decks)

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