Cat (ICADA, cutaneous mastocytosis) Flashcards
Other name for urticaria pigmentosa
Feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis
Breed cutaneous mastocytosis
*Sphynx
*Devon Rex
Sex cutaneous mastocytosis
Females overrepresented
3 clinical forms of cutaneous mastocytosis
1) Large papules and wheals on head, shoulders, ventral neck, axillae (polymorphic) –> spontaneous regression
2) Erythematous dermatitis with small maculopapules, crusts (monomorphic) –> poorer prognosis
3) Chronic superficial-to-deep dermatitis w/mast cells and eosinophils (pigmented) –> variable response to tx
Treatment cutaneous mastocytosis
Antihistamines
Steroids
Cyclosporine
Cutaneous mastocytosis pruritus level
High
How to differentiate between MCT and cutaneous mastocytosis
MCT is not pruritic, cutaneous mastocytosis IS pruritic
MCT is in older cats, cutaneous mastocytosis is in younger cats
Special stains, IHC targets to confirm mast cells
Giemsa stain
Tryptase IHC
KIT IHC
Etiology cutaneous mastocytosis
Suspect genetic, but unknown.
Prevention of cutaneous mastocytosis flares in humans
Avoid histamine triggers!
-Temp change
-Histamine rich foods
-Drugs (opiods, abx, anesthesia, NSAIDs)
-Bee stings
Which form of cutaneous mastocytosis has spontaneous regression
Polycyclic form (large macules, wheals)
Age of onset: cutaneous mastocytosis
~15 months old
Breeds feline atopic syndrome
Abyssinian
Siamese
Persian
Devon Rex
Himalayan
Maine Coon
Which allergy is EXCLUDED from Feline Atopic Syndrome
Flea allergy dermatitis
What are Atopy Patch Tests (APT)
Apply allergen cutaneously
*Work via Langerhans cell-bound IgE
All FASS cats have + IDTs or prick tests, but only 1/2 have + APT
IgG levels in FASS
Variable overall
Higher to rye, HDM, fleas
IgE levels in FASS
SERUM TESTS ARE WORSE THAN IDST
Lower positive predictive value and sensitivity than IDST in cats
(r/o non-IgE mediated allergy. R/o MC vs serum IgE. r/o Assay validation)
Feline asthma: protective factor
Early exposure to allergens is protective
Rush ASIT in feline asthma
Rush ASIT works!!
SC more effective tha IN, but more AEs
ASIT response in feline asthma
*Not completely allergen specific
*Response is REDUCED by concurrent systemic steroids
*Response is UNAFFECTED by inhaled steroids
Which type of steroid does NOT affect ASIT response (inhaled vs systemic) for feline asthma
Inhaled
Systemic DOES reduce ASIT efficacy for feline asthma
Histopath FAS
- Superficial to deep interstitial dermatitis
-Eosinophils, MC, lymphocytes, DC, macrophages - CD4 > CD8
Which type of T cell predominates in FAS skin
CD4 T cells (>CD8)
Which chemokines are UPREGULATED in FAS lesional skin in cats (2)
TARC/CCL17
RANTES/CCL5
Which cytokines are upregulated in FASS cats?
Mixed Th1 and Th2
*IFN-c
*IL-2
*IL-13
*IL-18
*IL-8
*CCL5
*CCL2
*CXCL12
*SCF
*Flt3L
Which cytokine correlates with SCORFAD (mildly) in FASS cats
Flt3L
Which bacteria is most common in healthy cat skin
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Which bacteria is most common in FASS skin
Staphylococcus felis
Staphylococcus capitis
