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EV ACVD Study > Follicular and adnexal tumors + more > Flashcards

Follicular and adnexal tumors + more Flashcards

1
Q

Virus associated with equine genital SCC

A

EcPV2

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2
Q

Virus associated with equine aural plaques

A

EcPV 3-6

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3
Q

Virus associated with feline skin papillomas

A

FcaPV1

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4
Q

Virus associated with deline oral papillomas

A

FcaPV2

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5
Q

What is the difference between BISC and SCC

A

BISC = dysplasia that stays within the epidermis and follicle

SCC crosses the BMZ, keratin pearls

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6
Q

Histopath characteristic finding for BISC

A

“Wind swept” look to basal cells without invasion into dermis

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7
Q

Which virus is most common in BISC in cats?

A

FcaPV2

(also 3-5 less commonly)

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8
Q

What is a risk factor for BISC, especially on haired, pigmented skin in cats?

A

FcaPV2

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9
Q

Characteristic histopath finding of SCC

A

Cords of dysplastic keratinocytes

Keratin pearls

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10
Q

IHC marker for SCC

A

Cytokeratin (epithelial)

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11
Q

Which virus is associated with SCC in horses?

A

EcPV2

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12
Q

Which virus is associated with SCC in cats

A

FcaPV2

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13
Q

What disease other than SCC has keratin pearls

A

Infundibular keratinizing acanthoma

But no atypical keratinocytes with IKA

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14
Q

T or F: Feline Basal Cell Tumors are often actinic

A

False. On haired skin.

Clusters of monomorphic basaloid cells

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15
Q

Most common type of hair follicle neoplasm in Guinea Pigs

A

Trichofolliculoma

Central depression or pore
Cystic primary follicle surrounded by secondary follicles

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16
Q

How can you differentiate follicular cyst types

A

Infundibular vs isthmus vs matrical vs hybrid

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17
Q

Which dog breed may be predisposed to tricholemmoma

A

Afghan hounds

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18
Q

Origin of tricholemmoma

A

Derived from ORS
“Bulb cells” lined by thick, hyalinized basement membrane

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19
Q

Trichoepithelioma biologic behavior

A

Benign

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20
Q

What cat breed is predisposed to trichoepitheliomas

A

Persians

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21
Q

Histopath of trichoepithelioma

A

Cystic islands of epithelium with hair follicle differentiation

Looks like little bulbs within the dermis

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22
Q

IHC marker for trichoepithelioma

A

p27

(Also trichoblastoma!)

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23
Q

Which 2 hair follicle tumors are + for p27

A

Trichoblastoma
Trichoepithelioma

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24
Q

Which hair follicle tumor is common in cats and dogs

A

Trichoblastoma

Base of the ear; BENIGN

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25
Q

Origin of trichoblastoma

A

Hair germ

Low proliferative capacity –> BENIGN

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26
Q

Infundibular keratinizing acanthoma (keratoacantoma) breeds

A

Norwegian elkhound
Keeshonds
GSD
English SHeepdogs
Collies
Lhasa apsos
Yorkie

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27
Q

Histopath of infundibular keratinizing acanthoma

A

Cup shapred
Several keratin pearls on periphery (secondary cysts)

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28
Q

What is this (older cat on head, neck or trunk)

A

Dilated pore of Winer

Benign. Large central pore with keratin

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29
Q

Clinical lesion: Dog. Solitary, wartlike papules/nodules with hyperkeratotic umbilicated center

On histopath: cup-shaped invagination, keratin filled channel connects to surface.
At center of invagination– acantholytic dyskeratotic cells, corps ronds

A

Warty Dyskeratoma

benign

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30
Q

Other name for Calcifying epithelioma

A

Pilomatricoma

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31
Q

Origin of pilomatricoma

A

Follicular bulb

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32
Q

Breeds predisposed to pilomatricomas

A

Kerry blue terriers
Poodles
Old English Sheepdogs

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33
Q

T or F: the basal cells that make a pilomatricoma have LOW p27, resulting in a HIGH mitotic rate

A

True.

Tumor can grow quickly

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34
Q

Which tumor is LOW in p27

A

Pilomatricoma

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35
Q

Order of most common to least common sebaceous gland tumors

A

1) Nodular hyperplasia
2) Sebaceous epithelioma
3) Sebaceous adenoma
4) Sebaceous adenocarcinoma

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36
Q

Breeds predisposed to sebaceous hyperplasia

A

Beagle
Cocker spaniel
Poodle
Dachshund
Mini schnauzer

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37
Q

Difference between sebaceous gland hyperplasia and sebaceous adenoma

A

Adenoma has more lobule proliferation, more irregularity in shape/size

More likely to form DUCTS than hyperplasia

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38
Q

Breeds predisposed to sebaceous epitheliomas

A

Shih tzus
Lhasa apsos
Malamutes
Huskies
Irish Setters

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39
Q

Color of sebaceous epitheliomas

A

Oftentimes melanocytic

Eyelids, head

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40
Q

Biologic behavior of sebaceous epitheliomas

A

Low grade malignancy

Technically a basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation

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41
Q

Sebaceous adenocarcinoma frequency in dogs and cats

A

RARE
Only 2% of sebaceous tumors

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42
Q

Body region most likely to have a sebaceous adenocarcinoma

A

Head, limbs

Ulcerate

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43
Q

What type of gland are perianal glands

A

Modified sebaceous glands

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44
Q

What hormones do perianal glands respond to

A

Androgen and estrogen receptors on perianal glands

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45
Q

Breeds predisposed to perianal gland tumors

A

Cocker spaniel
English Bulldog
Samoyed
Afghan
Dachshund
GSD
Beagle
Husky
Shih tzu
Lhasa apso

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46
Q

Which sex is more likely to have a perianal glands adenoma

A

MALES
9x more frequent in M than F

Neuter

47
Q

Treatment for perianal gland adenoma

A

Neuter resolves perianal gland adenoma in 95% of cases

48
Q

Biological behavior of perianal gland carcinoma

A

Metastasis in 30%

Dogs with tumors >5 cm have worse prognosis

49
Q

What type of gland is a ceruminous gland

A

Apocrine

50
Q

Synonym for apocrine gland

A

Epitrichial

51
Q

Synonym for eccrine gland

A

Atrichial sweat gland

52
Q

Most common location of atrichial sweat gland tumors

A

Paw pads

53
Q

Which animal is more likely to have an apocrine gland tumor

A

Cats > dogs
(think ceruminous cystomatosis)

Head/neck

Black/purple color from secretions

54
Q

Labwork finding common with AGASACA

A

Hypercalcemia (PTHrp)

25-50% of dogs

55
Q

Breed (Cat) with apocrine sweat gland carcinomas

A

Siamese

56
Q

What is the most common cutaneous neoplasm in pigs

A

Melanomas. BENIGN, spontaneously regress

EXCEPTION:
Familial in Sinclair pigs —> metastasis common

57
Q

Which breed of pig is predisposed to metastatic cutaneous melanomas

A

Sinclair pigs

58
Q
A

Melanoma

59
Q

Which body sites are associated with a higher rate of metastasis for melanoma?

A

Digital
Mucocutaneous

60
Q

Which breeds are predisposed to subungual melanomas

A

Scottish terrier
Irish setter
Schanuzers

61
Q

IHC markers for melanomas

A

Melan A
PNL2
TRP-1
TRP-2

62
Q

T or F: Melanomas on the eyelids are likely to metastasize

A

False. Skin and hair rarely metastasize

63
Q

Dog breed that develops FIbropruritic nodules 2’ FAD

A

GSD. Occur on caudal dorsum

64
Q

2 causes for fibrosarcomas in cats

A

1) FeLV
2) Post vaccine

Legs, pinnae

65
Q

IHC stain for fibrosarcomas

A

Vimentin (mesenchymal cell)

66
Q

Breeds predisposed to fibrovascular papillomas

A

Large and giant breeds (Dobermans, labradors)

May be proliferative response 2’ trauma

67
Q

Possible cause of fibrovascular papillomas in Dobies, Labs

A

Proliferative response 2’ trauma

68
Q

IHC marker for hemangioma

A

Vimentin, factor VIII-related antigen, Type IV collagen, laminin

69
Q

In dogs: are hemangiomas or hemangiosarcomas more common

A

Hemangiomas

Actinic cause

70
Q

In cats: are hemangiomas or hemangiosarcomas more common

A

Hemangiosarcomas

Actinic cause

Better prognosis if dermal only (than SC, IM)

71
Q

IHC markers for hemangiosarcoma

A

Sarcoma only: CD31 (PECAM), S-110

Same as hemangioma: Vimentin, Factor VIII-related antigen, type IV collagen, laminin

72
Q

Location of hemangiosarcomas on cats

A

Head, pinnae

73
Q

Location of hemangiomas on dogs

A

Trunk (actinic)
Extremities (not actinic)

74
Q

Body sites for lymphangiomas

A

Axillae, inguinum

Fluctuant swelling full of milky fluid

75
Q

Body sites for lymphangiosarcomas

A

Ventral abdomen, limbs

76
Q

Biologic behavior of lymphangiosarcoma

A

AGGRESSIVE

Can occur in young dogs, cats

77
Q

Clinical sign of lymphangiosarcoma

A

Fluctuant swelling with pitting edema, lymphorrhea, purpura

78
Q

IHC markers for lymphangiosarcoma

A

PROX1
LYVE1
Vimentin

79
Q

Predisposed breed to feline MCT

A

Siamese

80
Q

Sex for feline MCT

A

Male cats

81
Q

Type for MCT form seen in siamese cats

A

Histiocytic form

Can spontaneously regress

82
Q

Which type of tumor has a Grenz zone

A

Plasmacytoma

helps differentiate from histiocytoma

83
Q

How do histiocytomas regress?

A

CD8+ lymphocytes infiltrate from the bottom

Necrosis 2’ cel mediated immunity

84
Q

IHC for histiocytoma (LC origin)

A

CD11c/CD18
CD1a+
E-cadherin

85
Q

IHC for cutaneous reactive histiocytosis

A

NO E-CADHERIN (dif than histiocytoma)

Thy-1
CD4

86
Q

Cell origin of feline progressive histiocytosis

A

Dendritic cell origin

87
Q

IHC for feline progressive histiocytosis

A

CD1a
CD11c
CD18
MHC cl II

88
Q

Most common type of cutaneous lymphoma in horses

A

T cell rich B cell lymphoma

89
Q

Treatment TVT

A

Vincristine

90
Q

Gene, Mode of inheritance of GSD Nodular dermatofibrosis

A

FLCN, autosomal dominant

91
Q

Signalment calcinosis circumscripta

A

Younger dogs
Large breed

Likely relate to trauma

92
Q

Stains for calcinosis circumscripta

A

PAS
Alcian blue

93
Q

Gene, mode of inheritance for Dermoid Cysts

A

FGF 3, 4, 19
Autosomal recessive

Dorsal midline

94
Q

Clinical lesions of lichenoid keratosis

A

Erythematous hyperkeratotic plaques on pinnae, groin of adult dogs

95
Q

Seborrheic keratosis/ sebacous nevi clinical lesions

A

Plaques, nodules
Greasy, hyperkeratotic surface

96
Q

Causes of cutaneous horn

A

SCC
Keratinaceous cyst
IKA
Actinic keratosis
Basal cell tumor
Papillomavirus

CHECK FELV STATUS

97
Q

Feline papillomavirus strains associated with Viral Plaques, BISC, and SCC

A

FcaPV 2, 3

98
Q

Equine sarcoid oncoproteins

A

E5, E6, E7

99
Q

T or F: BPV1, 2 has been found in healthy equine skin

A

True

100
Q

Protein associated with INVASIVENESS of equine sarcoid

A

MMP-1, 2, 3

101
Q

Is DNA methylation increased or decreased in equine sarcoids

A

Increased DNA methylation

102
Q

Breeds with equine sarcoid

A

Quarter horses, Franches-Montagnes > thoroughbreds > standardbreds

103
Q

Which fly MAY be associated with equine sarcoid

A

Stomoxys calcitrans

More sarcoid in horses stabled near cattle

104
Q

T or F: VEGF, PDGFb, FoxP3 are associated with equine sarcoid

A

True

105
Q

Name the 6 categories of equine sarcoid

A

1) Occult
2) Verrucous
3) Nodular
4) Fibroblastic
5) Mixed
6) Malignant

106
Q

Body regions most commonly affected with occult equine sarcoid

A

Hairless body sites
(Perioral, periocular, neck, medial limbs)

107
Q

Most common body sites for nodular equine sarcoids

A

Groin, sheath, eyelid

108
Q

Type 1 vs Type 2 Fibroblastic equine sarcoids

A

Type 1: Pedunculated base
Type 2: Broad based (sessile)

Associated with trauma

109
Q

Horse plaque

A

Equine sarcoid

  • Picket fence neoplastic cells at DE junction
  • Increased fibroblasts
  • Hyperplastic epidermis with rete peg-like structures
110
Q

Malignant equine sarcoid clinical lesion

A

Most severe
Invasive/destructive

Infiltration of lymphatic vessels – can palpate chords of tumor in lymphatics

111
Q

T or F: Histopath can distinguish between different sarcoid types

A

False. Clinical distinction

CANNOT RELY ON HISTO TO PREDICT BIOLOGIC BEHAVIOR

112
Q

3 breeds with hereditary multifocal digit SCC

A

1) Black standard poodle
2) Giant schnauzer
3) Bouvier Des Flandres

(all black dogs)

Genes:
MC1R
KITLG

113
Q

Biologic behavior of trichoepithelioma vs sebaceous epithelioma

A

Trichoepithelioma: benign

Sebaceous epithelioma: low grade malignancy

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