Human Genetics 1

Question 1

Define Genetics:

Answer 1

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

Question 2

Define Genome:

Answer 2

Organism’s complete set of DNA

Question 3

Define Genes:

Answer 3

Segments of DNA that determine PHYSICAL characteristics of an organism

Question 4

Define Chromosome:

Answer 4

Long strands of DNA in a cell’s nucleus

Question 5

What are the 2 types of Chromosomes

Answer 5

Sex chromosomes and

Autosomes

Question 6

Define Sex Chromosomes:

Answer 6

Determine gender of the organism

Question 7

How many Sex Chromosomes do humans have?

Answer 7

2

Males=XY
Girls=XX

Question 8

Define autosomes:

Answer 8

All other 44 chromosomes besides sex chromosomes

Question 9

Define Diploid cells:

Answer 9

Cells containing 2 complete sets of chromosomes

Ex:humans are diploid with 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs

Question 10

Humans recieve how many chromosomes from each parent?

Answer 10

23 chromosomes each from mom and
dad

23+23=46 chromosomes in total

Or 23 pairs od chromosomes

Question 11

Define Haploid Cells:

Answer 11

Cell with 1 single set of chromosomes

Ex:humam germ cells(ova/sperm) have 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome

Or 23 unpaired chromosomes