Hormones & Hormonal regulation

Question 1

What are the structural categories of hormones?

Answer 1

Peptide, amino acid, steroid

Question 2

This is a fat-soluble hormone that has a long half-life due to carrier proteins that allow them to remain in the bloodstream

Answer 2

Steroid hormone

Question 3

These hormones are based off a single amino acid and are water soluble

Answer 3

Amino acid hormone

Question 4

These hormones have the same properties as amino acid hormones, but are a chain of amino acids

Answer 4

Peptide hormones

Question 5

What is a free/unbound hormone?

Answer 5

One that doesn’t require a carrier protein

Question 6

What happens due to a humoral stimulus?

Answer 6

Release of hormones in response to a change in extracellular fluid concentrations (like glucagon/insulin)

Question 7

What happens due to a hormonal stimulus?

Answer 7

Release of hormones due to the influence of another hormone (common in hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid pathway)

Question 8

What happens due to a neural stimulus?

Answer 8

The nervous system directly signals the release of a hormone (adrenal gland)

Question 9

What type of feedback loop normally regulates hormone release?

Answer 9

Negative feedback–brings the body back to homeostasis

Question 10

What happens during a hormonal regulation negative feedback loop?

Answer 10

Release of an end product (some type of hormone usually) inhibits production of original and intermediate products (another hormone)

Question 11

What is antagonism?

Answer 11

When two hormones have opposing effects (ex. glucagon and insulin)

Question 12

What is permissiveness?

Answer 12

When one hormone cannot fully achieve its end effect without the presence of another

Question 13

What is synergism?

Answer 13

When two hormones have similar effects, and together create a stronger end effect than either could do on their own