Bone remodeling & homeostasis

Question 1

What does mechanical stress do to bones?

Answer 1

Stimulates deposition of collagen and minerals

Question 2

Will a person who exercises regularly will have more or less dense bones than a more sedentary person?

Answer 2

More dense

Question 3

What is the role of vitamin D in bone formation and remodeling?

Answer 3

It allows the body to absorb calcium in the intestines

Question 4

What do Omega-3 fatty acids do to support bone growth?

Answer 4

Reduce inflammation that may affect osteoblast activity

Question 5

How does growth hormone affect bones?

Answer 5

Triggers chondrocyte proliferation in growth plate, increases calcium retention

Question 6

What hormone is responsible for triggering the adolescent growth spurt?

Answer 6

Sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone)

Question 7

What is calcitriol?

Answer 7

Active form of Vitamin D that stimulates calcium and phosphate absorption

Question 8

What hormones are responsible for controlling osteoclast activity?

Answer 8

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin

Question 9

How do PTH and calcitonin regulate calcium homeostasis?

Answer 9

PTH increases osteoclast activity to release calcium into the blood stream. Calcitonin slows osteoclast activity and increases bone calcium uptake.