Brain Anatomy

Question 1

This is tissue covering the brain

Answer 1

The meninges

Question 2

This is the most superficial meninge

Answer 2

Dura mater

Question 3

This is deep to the dura mater

Answer 3

arachnoid mater

Question 4

this is deep to the arachnoid mater

Answer 4

pia mater

Question 5

These structures separate the lobes of the brain

Answer 5

Dural folds

Question 6

This is where CSF and blood supply to the brain drains

Answer 6

Dural sinus

Question 7

This is the dural fold separating the two hemispheres of the cerebrum

Answer 7

Falx cerebri

Question 8

This fold separates the cerebrum and the cerebellum

Answer 8

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 9

This fold separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum

Answer 9

Falx cerebelli

Question 10

This is the large part of the brain that processes everything one is aware of

Answer 10

Cerebrum

Question 11

This is the small, inferior posterior portion of the brain that processes unconscious info

Answer 11

Cerebellum

Question 12

This is the deep, central region of the brain

Answer 12

Diencephalon

Question 13

This structure is inferior to the diencephalon

Answer 13

Brainstem

Question 14

What are the three parts of the brainstem?

Answer 14

Mesencephalon (superior)
Pons
Medulla oblongata (Inferior)

Question 15

What information processes in the brainstem

Answer 15

Vegetative functions–maintain organ function, etc.

Question 16

These are the raised ridges of the surface of the cerebrum

Answer 16

Gyri (singular gyrus)

Question 17

These are the grooves between gyri

Answer 17

Sulci (singular sulcus)

Question 18

These are the very deep grooves between portions of the cerebrum

Answer 18

Fissures

Question 19

What are the 5 lobes of the brain?

Answer 19

Frontal (anterior)
Parietal (superior lateral)
Temporal (inferior lateral)
Occipital (poterior)
Insula (deep)

Question 20

This lobe separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum

Answer 20

Vermis

Question 21

This lobe is responsible for motor control, concentration, problem solving, speech and smell

Answer 21

frontal

Question 22

This lobe is responsible for hearing and facial recognition

Answer 22

temporal

Question 23

This lobe is responsible for taste, touch, and body awareness

Answer 23

parietal

Question 24

This lobe is responsible for vision

Answer 24

occipital

Question 25

The reading and langauge centers of the brain are located where?

Answer 25

Between temporal and parietal lobes

Question 26

The cerebellum is responsible for what?

Answer 26

Fine motor control, balance and coordination

Question 27

What is the arbor vitae?

Answer 27

Branching white matter of the cerebellum

Question 28

Which cortex is responsible for decision making?

Answer 28

Prefrontal

Question 29

This is responsible for “planning” motor movement

Answer 29

Premotor cortex

Question 30

This is responsible for executing motor function

Answer 30

Primary motor cortex (in the precentral gyrus)

Question 31

This is the center for reasoning, judgement, abstract thought, personality

Answer 31

Prefrontal cortex

Question 32

What are multimodal cortices?

Answer 32

Areas of the brain where multiple modes of information are taken in and processed

Question 33

This is responsible for speech production

Answer 33

Broca’s area

Question 34

This is responsible for language comprehension

Answer 34

Wernicke’s area

Question 35

The Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas are:

Answer 35

Multimodal cortices

Question 36

What are association fibers?

Answer 36

Myelinated fibers in the white matter that connect different cortical areas of the same hemisphere

Question 37

What are commissural fibers?

Answer 37

Myelinated fibers in the white matter that connect areas of opposite hemispheres

Question 38

What are projection fibers?

Answer 38

Myelinated fibers in the white matter that connect cortical areas to more deep structures

Question 39

What is the meaning of contralateral control?

Answer 39

Each side of the body is controlled by the opposite hemisphere of the brain

Question 40

What is the meaning of hemispheric lateralization?

Answer 40

The two hemispheres of the brain have different functions though their structures are similar

Question 41

True or false: all brains have the same “layout” of functional areas

Answer 41

False. Generalizations can be made, but everyone’s brain regions are slightly different in function

Question 42

What arteries supply blood to the brain?

Answer 42

Carotid (anterior lateral neck), vertebral (transverse foramina for vertebrae)

Question 43

What veins carry blood away from the brain?

Answer 43

Jugular and vertebral, also dural sinus

Question 44

What is the circle of willis?

Answer 44

circular connection of all 4 arteries to the brain; system of redundancy

Question 45

Where is the Broca’s area located?

Answer 45

Left frontal cortex (primary motor)

Question 46

What is the relationship between Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?

Answer 46

When a word is to be spoken, it originates in Wernicke’s and is carried to Broca’s for execution

Question 47

Where is Wernicke’s area located?

Answer 47

Occipital lobe

Question 48

What is the deep portion of the brain containing the thalamus?

Answer 48

Diencephalon

Question 49

True or false: the thalamus processes conscious information because it’s grey matter

Answer 49

False. While the thalamus is grey matter, it is subcortical so it is unconscious.

Question 50

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 50

relay station for sensory information

Question 51

What is the hypothalamus?

Answer 51

Region inferior to the thalamus responsible for visceral control, homeostasis

Question 52

What is the epithalamus?

Answer 52

Small, poterior to the thalamus that contains the pineal gland (sleep, melatonin) and choroid plexus (CSF production)