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Year 3 > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

Transmission HAV

A

Faecal oral (parenteral)

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2
Q

Transmission HBV

A

parenteral sexual, perinatal

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3
Q

Transmission HCV

A

parenteral sexual, perinatal

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4
Q

Transmission HDV

A

parenteral

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5
Q

Transmission HEV

A

faecal-oral

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6
Q

Incubation (days) HAV

A

28 10-50

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7
Q

Incubation (days) HBV

A

90 40-160

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8
Q

Incubation (days) HCV

A

60 150160

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9
Q

Incubation (days) HDV

A

20-50

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10
Q

Incubation (days) HEV

A

40 60-20

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11
Q

Main populations at risk in the UK HAV

A

travellers to endemic areas
sewage workers
contacts of causes

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12
Q

Main populations at risk in the UK HBV

A 
immigrants from high prevelance areas
PWID
Multiple sexual partners
Infant of HBsAg positive mother
HCWs
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13
Q

Main populations at risk in the UK HCV

A

PWID

recipients of unscreened blood products

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14
Q

Main populations at risk in the UK HDV

A

PWID

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15
Q

Main populations at risk in the UK HEV

A

travellers to endemic areas
sporadic
exposure to undercooked pig products

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16
Q

Risk of chronic infection HBV

A

<0.5% of UK population

5-10% of those with acute infection as an adult

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17
Q

Risk of chronic infection HCV

A

60-80%

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18
Q

Risk of chronic infection HDV

A

with HBV

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19
Q

Risk of chronic infection HEV

A

yes if immunocompromosed

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20
Q

Immunoglobulins present HAV

A

IgM, IgG

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21
Q

Immunoglobulins present HBV

A

IgM, IgG

22
Q

Immunoglobulins present HCV

A

IgG

23
Q

Immunoglobulins present HDV

A

IgM, IgG

24
Q

Immunoglobulins present HEV

A

IgM, IgG

25
Q

What types of active immunisation are available and for what types?

A 
HAV - inactivated vaccine
HBV - recombinant vaccine
HCV - none
HDV - Hep B vaccine
HEV - only available in China
26
Q

For what types is passive immunisation available? and what?

A

HAV - HNIG

HBV - HBIG

27
Q

Virus type and nucleic acid HAV

A

Picornavirus

RNA

28
Q

Virus type and nucleic acid HBV

A

Hepadnavirus

DNA

29
Q

Virus type and nucleic acid HCV

A

Flavivirus

RNA

30
Q

Virus type and nucleic acid HDV

A

Defective virus

RNA

31
Q

Virus type and nucleic acid HEV

A

Hepeivirus

RNA

32
Q

What prenatal viruses can cause hepatitis in the neonate?

A

Rubella

cytomegalovirus

33
Q

What perinatal viruses can cause hepatitis in the neonate?

A

CMV
Herpes simplex
parechonvirus
enterovirus

34
Q

In children and adults what viruses can cause viral hepatitis like syndromes?

A

CMV

EBV

35
Q

What non viral infections can cause hepatiitis?

A

Leptospirosis
Q fever
Psittacosis/Ornthiosis

36
Q

Clinical features of HAV

A

mild and subclinical in <5s

fever, malise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, upper abdo pain, jaundice

37
Q

Clinical features of acute HBV

A 
anorexia
lethargy
nausea
fever 
abdo pain
arthralgia
urticarial skin lesions
38
Q

Describe the serological profile of acute HBV infection

A

See notes

39
Q

define chronic HBV infection

A

persistence of HBsAg in serum for >6months

40
Q

In what patients is chronic HBV infection more common?

A

Male

Immunodeficient

41
Q

Chronic sequelae HAV

A

None

42
Q

Chronic sequelae HBV

A

chronic hepatitis
cirrhosis
hepatoma
membranous glomerulonephritis and polyarteritis nodasa (rare)

43
Q

Chronic sequelae HCV

A

Chronic hepatitis
cirrhosis
hepatoma

44
Q

Chronic sequelae HDV

A

chronic hepatitis

cirrhosis

45
Q

Chronic sequelae

A

persistant hepatitis and cirrhosis if immunocompromised

46
Q

Indications for antiviral therapy in HBV

A

Two of:
HBV DNA >2000 IU/ml
Raised ALT
Significant liver inflammation or fibrosis

47
Q

Treatment of HBV

A

long acting peg-alpha interferon SC, weekly for 12 months

Nucleoside analogues

48
Q

Name nucleoside analogues

A

lamivudine, adefovir, dipivoxial, telbivudine, entecavir, tenofovir

49
Q

Clinical features of HCV

A 
Ususally subclinical or mild
malaise
anorexia
fatigue
severe hepatitis with jaundice
fulminant HCV
50
Q

with what infection is HDV always associated with?

A

HBV

Year 3 (164 decks)

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