Anatomy of the Hand and Wrist Flashcards
movement at shoulder
flexion extension adduction abduction circumduction
movement at elbow
flexion
extension
movement at prox and distal radio-ulnar
pronation
supination
movement at wrist
flexion extension adduction abduction circumduction
movement at 1st CMC
flexion extensiion adduction abduction circumduction opposition
movement at 2-5th CMC
flexion, extension (4-5) almost none (2-3)
movement at PMCP
flexion extension adduction abduction circumduction
movement at IPJ
flexion
extension
where does the subclavian a become the axillary a?
lat border of 1st rib
where does axillary a bcome brachial a?
inferior border of teres major
where does the brachial artery divid?
cubital fossa
what arch does the ulnar artery give?
superficial
what arch does the radial artery give?
deep
describe the venous drainage of the arm
The superficial veins arise from the dorsal venous arch on the back of the hand. The cephalic vein travels up the limb on the lateral side. It drains into the axillary vein below the clavicle. The basilic vein travels up the limb on the medial side to become continuous with the brachial veins (deep veins accompanying brachial artery). The median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins across the cubital fossa.
where do the tendons of FDS attach?
middle phalanges of digits 2-5
name the ant forearm muscles
pronatar teres
FCR
palmaris longus
FCU
FDS
FDP
pronator quadratus
what actions do the anterior forearm muscles have?
- Flex the wrist
- Adduct (FCU)
- Abduct (FCR)
- Pronation (PT, PQ, deep muscles)
what do the post forearm muscle do?
- Powerful extensor of the wrist and digits (fist clinchers)
- Adduct (ECU)
- Abduct (ECRL, ECRB)
- Supination (Biceps brachii, supinator)
name the post forearm muscles
brachioradialis ECRL ECRB APL EPB ECU anconeus supinator extensor indicis EPL
EDM
ED
name the tendons surrounding the anatomical snuffbox
APL
EPB
EPL
extensor indicis
innervation of thenar muscles
median (adductor pollicis - ulnar)
innervation of hypothenar muscles
ulnar
innervation of lumbricals 1-2
median
innervation of lumbricals 3-4
ulnar
innervation of dorsal interossei
ulnar
innervation of palmar interossei
ulnar
lumbricals: origin, action
FDP tendons
flex MCP and extend PIP
innervation of anterior arm muscles (BBC)
musculocutaneous
innervation of triceps
radial
innervation of FCU (sup ant)
ulnar
innervation of palmaris longus, FCR, PT (sup ant)
median
innervation of FDS (int ant)
median
innervation of FDP (deep ant)
medial half - ulnar
lateral half- ant interosseus branch of median
innervation of FPL, PQ (deep ant)
median - ant interosseus
innervation of bachioradialis, ECRL+B, ECU, aconeus (sup post)
radial
innervation of EDM, ED
deep branch of radial
innervation of supinator (deep post)
deep radial
innervation of APL, EPB, EPL, extensor indices (deep post)
posterior interosseus branch of radial
describe the blood supply of the scaphoid
The scaphoid has a retrograde blood supply (i.e. from distal to proximal). A fracture of scaphoid is therefore more difficult to heal and there is a risk of avascular necrosis in the proximal part. The more proximal the fracture the likely that AVN will develop.
contents of anatomical snuffbox
radial artery radial styloid process schaphoid trapezium base of 1st metacarpal
extensors of the wrist
- EPB and APL
- ECRL and ECRB
- EPL
- Extensor digitorum communis and extensor indicis
- EDM
- ECU
