Grave's Disease (Hyperthyroidism)

Question 1

grave’s disease

Answer 1

• hyperthyroidism
• d/t autoimmunity
• high rates in young women

Question 2

hallmarks of grave’s disease

Answer 2

1. hyperthyroidism
2. goiter
3. exophthalmos

Question 3

exophthalmos

Answer 3

protruding eyeballs d/t accumulation of fluid in fat pads & orbitus muscle in the eye OR excessive retraction of the eyelids

Question 4

grave’s disease patho

Answer 4

• thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) released
• TSAbs have same action as TSH and result in production of T3 and T4, which inhibits TSH via neg feedback
• although TSH inhibited, TSAbs continue to be produced and bind to the TSH receptors to continue production of TH
• results in hyperFx and hypertrophy of thyroid

Question 5

cmplx of hyperthyroidism

Answer 5

thyrotoxicosis

Question 6

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 6

• only seen if pt untreated
• is what grave’s disease will present as
• may be precipitated with stress

Question 7

thyrotoxicosis mnfts

Answer 7

• fever (inc metb = inc production of ATP + heat –> sweating and vasodilation)
• severe CV and CNS problems
• inc metb rate
• CV: angina, tachycardia, CHF
• CNS: delirium, agitation, irritability, insomnia
• inc mortality rate

Question 8

Tx of grave’s disease (not the cmplx)

Answer 8

• antithyroid drugs (ex. tapazole = dec TH synthesis)
• radioactive iodine therapy
• surgery (remove thyroid galnd)