Cardiomyopathy (Cardiac Diseases)

Question 1

cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

• cardiac muscle disorder

- different types based on size, shape, Fx

Question 2

types

Answer 2

• hypertrophic

- dilated/congestive

Question 3

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

• inc hypertrophy (size) esp of L. ventricle
• thickened interventricular septum (restricts aortic valve –> blood can’t leave L. ventricle = dec CO)
• chamber cannot fill w/ as much blood d/t small size = dec CO

Question 4

hypertrophic etiology

Answer 4

• autosomal dominant gene transferred to offspring (50%)

- idiopathic (50%)

Question 5

hypertrophic mnfts

Answer 5

• in most cases, systolic Fx normal so asympt (can lead to sudden death)
• if symptoms present: dyspnea, angina, syncope, palpitations

Question 6

hypertrophic Tx

Answer 6

• neg inotrope (reduce workload of heart)

- Sx: septal ablation (destroy IV septum)

Question 7

dilated/congestive cardiomyopathy

Answer 7

• wall is stretched (loses elasticity)
• blood fills chamber, pools there and moves out slowly
• enormous ventricular enlargement

Question 8

dilated/congestive etiology

Answer 8

• genetic & enviro factors
• dec elasticity –> dec CO –> dec EF
• eventually leads to heart failure

Question 9

dilated/congestive Tx

Answer 9

• symptomatic management

- dec cardiac workload: diuretics & beta blockers