Angina Pectoris (Cardiac Diseases)

Question 1

angina pectoris

Answer 1

• chest pain d/t ischemia

- mnft of coronary artery disease, but also a disorder itself

Question 2

etiology

Answer 2

• d/t atherosclerosis (unable to dilate/occluded vessel)
• thrombosis
• hemorrhage
• vasospasm (spontaneous constriction of vessel –> tissue distal is ischemic)

Question 3

pathophysiology

Answer 3

• arteries normally dilate on demand BUT if vessel has atherosclerotic change = unable to dilate
• inadequate perf –> ischemia –> chest pain

Question 4

mnfts

Answer 4

chest pain (heart wall impacted from vessels in coronary circuit not providing adequate blood and O2 to heard cells)

Question 5

types

Answer 5

• stable angina

- unstable angina

Question 6

stable angina

Answer 6

• fixed plaque within wall of vessel protruding into lumen
• @ rest, able to have adequate blood flow, but pain occurs when metabolic demand of heart inc –> inadequate perf –> transient chest pain (ex. exercise, emotional stress, cold)

Question 7

unstable angina

Answer 7

• atheroma/plaque can rupture through the vessel wall into the lumen, causing bleeding into wall
• accum of platelets, fibrin, cellular debris
• thrombus forms in lumen once plaque ruptures and has potential to dislodge (unstable)
• agglutination of platelets release PG –> vasospasm –> vessel constricts –> lumen cut off even more
• severe, prolonged pain (@ rest, on exertion, nocturnal)
• no serum markers