Cell Injury / Mechanisms of Injury

Question 1

extent of cell injury depends on:

Answer 1

• cell type
• l/o perfusion
• agent of injury (bacteria vs virus)
• duration

Question 2

3 mechanisms of cell injury

Answer 2

1. hypoxia
2. Ca+ imbalance
3. free radicals

Question 3

hypoxia

Answer 3

deficiency of O2

Question 4

how does hypoxia affect cell injury

Answer 4

• O2 needed to make ATP

- Dec O2 = Dec ATP = impaired cell fx

Question 5

how does Ca+ imbalance affect cell injury

Answer 5

• Injury = Ca+ influx & release from organelles = Inc intracellular
• [Ca] –> enzymes inappropriately activated –> cell damage

Question 6

free radicals

Answer 6

toxic chemical fragments (ex. O2-)

Question 7

characteristics of free radicals

Answer 7

unstable & highly reactive

Question 8

how does free radicals affect cell injury

Answer 8

bind to & affect DNA, proteins, & membranes