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Tom's cards > Gramática > Flashcards

Gramática Flashcards

This flashcard deck was created using Flashcardlet's card creator

1
Q

el profesor __(ser O estar)____ muy bueno, __(ser O estar)___ de buen humor

A

es está

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2
Q

ellos _(ser O estar)__ enamorados de esas chicas

A

estan

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3
Q

salir (subj.)

A

salga

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4
Q

types of verbs that are intransitive

A

seintimientos (emociones)

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5
Q

dar (presente de subj.)

A 
dé
des
dé
demos
deis
den
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6
Q

write it (imperative) & conjug.

A

escribelo
escribalo
escribamoslo
escribanlo

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7
Q

Listen to the noise (form.)

A

Escuche el ruido

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8
Q

Let’s go the the center.

Let’s not go to the movies.

A

Vayamos al centro.

No vayamos al cine (have to use vayamos form with negative!)

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9
Q

I am changing my clothes

A

me cambio DE ropa

cambiar de + thing, OR, cambiarse de personal thing

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10
Q

saber (pres. subj.)

A

sepa
sepas
sepa

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11
Q

Read the book (formal imperativo)

A

Lea el libro

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12
Q

I am in favor of Obama

A

estoy POR Obama

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13
Q

Write the report (form., pl.)

A

Escriban el informe

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14
Q

I am about to (action) go (no al punto de)

A

estoy para (infinitive) irme

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15
Q

siempre, con frecuencia, frecuentamente…. in the past all use what tense?

A

IMPERFECTO!

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16
Q

I am back (vuelta)

A

estoy de vuelta

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17
Q

Acciones interrumpidas por un preterito (2nd e acc.) se usa…

A

IMPERFECTO

yo estaba leyendo cuando se fue la luz.

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18
Q

cada día, de vez en cuando, muchas veces, cuando, nunca ALL USE, IN THE PAST

A

imperfecto

cada dia yo jugaba beisbol cuando tenia 15 años

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19
Q

Antes, los niños (jugar)________ en el jardín, ahora juegan en la escuela.

A

jugaban

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20
Q

María (limpiar)________ la casa cuando…(pasado)

A

limpiaba

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21
Q

Alicia planchaba mientras Lupe ____ (lavar) los platos

A

lavaba

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22
Q

Acciones de costumbre en el pasado, generalmente usamos la palabra “antes” y se usan ?

A

imperfecto

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23
Q

conjug. to feel in presente del subjuntivo

A

sienta sintamos
sientas sintais
sienta sientan

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24
Q

I hope that (ojala que) you feel well

A

Ojalá que te sientas bien

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25
Q

Yo estaba leyendo cuando (irse)__________ la luz

A

se fue

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26
Q

Finish it by Monday. (terminar) (por O para?)

I’ll see you (future) around Christmastime.

A

Termínelo para el lunes.

Te veré por Navidad.

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27
Q

Maria went to eat

A

María fue a comer

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28
Q

I like it (gustar) that they are happy

A

Me gusta que ellos esten felices

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29
Q

descripción de personas, cosas, animales, y acciones en el pasado ALWAYS USE:
Laura was friendly, tall, and dark

A

imperfecto

Laura era amable, alta, y morena

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30
Q

I talked to him by/on the phone.
He did it with his own hand
He went by train.

A

Le hablé por teléfono.
Lo hizo por su propia mano.
Viajó por tren.

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31
Q

For a doctor, he doesn’t know much

A

PARA médico, no sabe mucho

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32
Q

verbs OF MOTION take

He is going to the library

A

a

va a la biblioteca

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33
Q

3 main uses of PARA

A

Destination (including GOAL)
Opinion
Comparison

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34
Q

ser or estar in passive voice:

Pennsylvania was founded in 1700

A

SER

Pa. fue fundado en 1700

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35
Q

It’s interesting to know new people

A

es interesante conocer personas nuevas

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36
Q

It’s interesting that tomorrow there is a party

A

es interesante que manana HAYA una fiesta

subject of 2nd clause requires subjunctive. Future is implied

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37
Q

(formal) buy them for me

A

cómpremelos
(accent on first o to retain the emphasis of the original verb)
CHECKED

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38
Q

I prefer a family that talks with me (but don’t have one now)

A

Prefiero una familia que hable conmigo

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39
Q

we are continuing to talk

A

continuamos platicando

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40
Q

Use objective case, but after the prepositions como (like), entre (between), excepto (except), incluso (including), menos (except), salvo (except), and según (according to)… For example

según TU or TI?

A

After the prepositions como (like), entre (between), excepto (except), incluso (including), menos (except), salvo (except), and según (according to).

segun TU

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41
Q

he with the blue shirt (NOT using con)

A

el de la camisa azul

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42
Q

There isn’t a house that has a garden

A

No hay ninguna casa que tenga jardin

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43
Q

unless (a m…) my people hear from (know of) me, this letter will be published at midnight

A

a menos de que mi gente sepa de mi, esta carta se publica a medianoche

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44
Q

I’m not one of those who leaves things to chance (azar)

A

no soy de los que dejan las cosas al azar

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45
Q

When paired with another pronoun:

  • para ti y yo OR,
  • para tú y yo ??
A

When paired with another pronoun:

  • para tú y yo OR p.e.
  • por ella y yo
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46
Q

4 verbs that require a gerund or can be used with a gerund

A

estar
seguir
continuar
andar (implies movement to some extent)

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47
Q

VERBS OF OPINION. WHICH ARE THEY? DO THEY NEED SUBJUNCTIVE? WHEN?

A 
CREER
PENSAR
SUPONER
PARECER   = all verbs of opinion, in affirmative, don't need subjuntivo
QUESTIONS: DEPENDS ON THE SPEAKER

NEGATIVE, CONSIDERED VERBS OF DOUBT y need subjuntivo

no creo que el vaya a venir

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48
Q

let’s go up

A

subamos

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49
Q

I didn’t know

A

yo no sabia (verbo mental)

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50
Q

what will I say to the lawyer?

A

que LE voy a decir al abogado

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51
Q

I bought two whole boxes (until now)

A

he comprado dos cajas enteras

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52
Q

give it to me, please (inform.)

A

damelo por favor CKED, no accent

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53
Q

I didn’t think (2)

A

yo no pensaba (verbo mental)

yo no imaginaba (lo mismo)

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54
Q

don’t drink that (informal) (tomar)

A

no lo tomes CKED

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55
Q

do it (informal)

A

hazlo

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56
Q

querer (imperfect)

A

yo quería (querría es condicional)

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57
Q

I prefir a dog that’s obedient. I have a dog that’s obedient.

A

Prefiero un perro que sea obediente.

Tengo un perro que es obediente.

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58
Q

don’t do that (formal)

A

no lo haga

59
Q

It’s to the (p…) north.

A

Está por el norte.

60
Q

leave me a doughnut; later I will crave (really want) it.

A

“Déjame una dona; luego se me va a antojar” – Significa “Leave me a doughnut, later it will give me a craving” lo cual es lo que dije encima.

61
Q

if my father had been here, I would have kissed him and hit him
(libro salvaje p. 82)

A

Si mi padre hubiera estado aqui, LO habria besado y LE habria pegado

62
Q

Is Juan coming tomorrow?

I’ll tell it to him on Monday.

A

Use the present tense for the near future.

In Spanish, it is common to use the present tense to indicate something that will happen in the future, especially the very near future.
“¿Viene Juan mañana?”
“Se lo digo el lunes.”

63
Q

My father stopped (being able) to see when he was very young.

A

Mi padre dejó de ver desde muy joven

El libro salvaje, “un libro pirato” segunda pagina

64
Q

I was surprised that my nose had bled this morning.

A

Estuve sorprendido que la nariz hubiera sangrado esta manana

65
Q

Why do dolls interest you (tu)?

A

por que te interesan las muñecas? (FAMILIA GUSTAR)

66
Q

I crave a pizza!

A

En estas frases, el ‘‘se’’ es pasivo. Buscá en el sitio y encontrás “accidental se” o algo así.

“Se me antoja una pizza” – Literalmente significa “A pizza is giving me a craving” y lo cual implica que no es culpa tuya que querés comer una pizza.

67
Q

to see if my mom was calling (imperfecto)

A

para ver si hablaba mi mamá

68
Q

which preposiciones no cambian la forma del objeto?

A

ENTRE
SEGUN
entre tu y yo
segun tu

69
Q

(I want) You (to) do it. (con que)

May you live forever.

A

Que lo hagas tú.

Que vivas para siempre.

70
Q 
(con que)
Let them in now.
Don't let them in now.
Have Sara put on the black dress.
Don't have Sara put on the white dress.
A

Que ellos entren ahora.
Que no entren ellos ahora.
Que se ponga Sara el vestido negro.
Que no se ponga Sara el vestido blanco.

71
Q

He had (imperf.) fear of insects

A

LES tenia miedo de los bichos (I.O)

72
Q

come here (uds.)

A

Vengan por aqui, por favor

73
Q

she must have been very young

A

Ella debió haber sido muy joven

74
Q

I was making (poner) them nervous

A

los ponía nerviosos

Ventajas, p. 16

75
Q

three months later (he) abandoned the mother

A

tres meses despues abandonó a la madre…

ventajas, p. 16

76
Q

…she remembers (retains) a lot

A

ella retiene mucho

..Ashley, segun Cande

77
Q

every day I thought…

A

cada dia PENSABA (continued action, segun Maria Elena)

78
Q

at least Dave told us (contar)

A

al menos nos contó Dave… a la hora de comer

79
Q

Michael never left a note

A

Michael nunca dejó una nota

80
Q

I dont think (creer) that in our family there is a favorite child

A

No creo que haya en nuestra familia ningún hijo favorito

81
Q

my father made (hacer) my mother take me to my room

A

mi padre hizo que mi madre me llevara a mi cuarto

Ventaja, p. 18

82
Q

que–
Let María come in. (entrar)
Have them come at four o’clock. (venir)

A

Que entre María.

Que vengan a las cuatro.

83
Q

this makes (hacer) me ask myself…

A

esto hace que me pregunte…

Ventajas, p. 16

84
Q

I am giving it (la) to you (tu) (regalar)

A

te la regalo

L.S. p. 105

85
Q

I invited maria for coffe

A

le invité a Maria el O un cafe= for coffee

86
Q

Dad asked him about (not sobre or acerca de) football

A

Papá LE preguntó POR el fútbol (ASK)

Ventajas, p. 226

87
Q

he’s about 13 y.o. (2 ways, one w/different tense)

A

tendrá 13 anos FUTURO DE SUPOSICIÓN

=el tiene mas o menos…

88
Q

….hoping to change (past) the subject

(con DE QUE)

A

esperando de que CAMBIARA DE tema

…Ventajas, p. 228

89
Q

…and we both (pret.) smiled.

A

…y los dos sonreímos.

Ventajas, p. 232

90
Q

Charlie was hoping (imperf) that he would come home for his mom (‘s sake)

A

Charlie esperaba que el viniera a casa POR su mama (CAUSA)

91
Q

where is the concert?

A

Donde ES el concierto? (ser para eventos)

92
Q

the speed at which he/she talks makes (hacer) it difficult to follow him

A

La velocidad a la que habla hace difícil seguirlo.

93
Q

I do it for the sake of my family

A

Lo hago POR mi familia

7.- For the sake of, supporting or in favor of - use the preposition por when explaining the reason of why somebody does something.

94
Q

For that you (tu) would need a person who…

A

Para eso necesitarías una persona que…

95
Q

I am afraid for them (miedo)

A

tengo miedo POR ellos—ckd

96
Q

do you (tu) know how to make it fly?

A

sabes como hacerlo volar?

Harry, l. 2, p.

97
Q

What’s the name (llamar) of the child you take care of?

A

¿Cómo se llama el niño a quien le cuidas?

98
Q

You (formal) have to tell the truth to your mother (2)

A

A su madre tiene que decirle la verdad.

La duplicación del objeto indirecto es obligatoria cuando el O.I. aparece antes que el verbo.
En cambio sí es correcta, aunque poco usada, la estructura:

Tiene que decir la verdad a su madre

99
Q

I had been thinking of phoning you (tener) (NO con mente)

A

tenía pensado llamarte (tener + participio pasado)

Tienes pensado dormir o comer? (Harry, l. 3, p. 51)

100
Q

Lo (hacia o hice) 15 veces

A

HICE

preterito con tiempo especifico O cantidad de veces exacta

101
Q

If someone were to rob me…. (2 maneras, depende de la duda)

A

si alguien me robara (mas duda)

si alguien me roba (mucho mas probable)

102
Q

El accidente …. El escribió un cuento acerca de ____ (pron.)

A

ELLO (despues de una prepocion que representa un objeto O un evento, no a una persona)

103
Q

es seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

sin que

A

subj. siempre

104
Q

seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

a pesar de que

A

una elecion

105
Q

seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

para que

A

subj. siempre

106
Q

seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

en caso de que

A

subj. siempre

107
Q

seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

tan pronto como

A

una eleccion

108
Q

seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

el hecho de que

A

subj. siempre

109
Q

seguido de subjuntivo O indicativo a veces?

por mucho que, por más que

A

una eleccion

110
Q

verbo conjugado O infinitivo despues de una preposicion?

A

SIEMPRE INFINITIVE

111
Q

The children bathed before going to bed.

A

Los ninos se bañaron antes de acostarse SIEMPRE INFINITIVO

112
Q

fue/era las tres ayer cuando…

A

ERA las tres (no es tiempo exacto)

113
Q

El espejo (estar, ser) roto. Lo rompieron los niños.

A

está
state or condition resulting from previous action
(Repase, p. 35)

114
Q

estar/ser …casados varios años, pero ahora están divorciados.

A

estuvieron
state or condition resulting from previous action
Repase, p. 35
preterito porque completo(?)

115
Q

Sus instrucciones eran siempre (dificil/dificeles) …. seguir

A

DIFICILES DE…

plural, + DE

116
Q

He refused (querer)

A

el no quiso (also, would not) —Repase y escriba

117
Q

I sent flowers to Pablo

A Pablo…

A

The redundant pronoun is required when the actual direct or

A Pablo le envié flores.

118
Q

It’s 20 of 8 (faltar)

A

faltan 20 para las 8

119
Q

We had just gone left (salir) when it began to rain

A

Acábamos de salir cuando empezó a llover

120
Q

La clase de espanol ___(ser O estar)____ a las ocho y media

A

es (con eventos se usa SER)

121
Q

As soon as I know the dates, I’ll let you know

A

● As with other time conjunctions, en cuanto and tan pronto como are used with the subjunctive if the action which follows hasn’t happened yet or hadn’t happened at the time of speaking:

En cuanto sepa or Tan pronto como sepa las fechas, te lo diré

122
Q

I know that there are people (gente) who like (gustar) school

A

Sé que hay gente A LA que le gusta la escuela

123
Q

will there be time?

A

habrá tiempo?

124
Q

I am about to shout (no al punto de)

A

Estoy para gritar

Estoy para empezar la clase

125
Q

Es muy joven _____ ser profesional

126
Q

As soon as any faxes arrive, they’re put in a special box

A

● En cuanto and tan pronto como are also used with the indicative when describing habitual actions:

En cuanto llegan or Tan pronto como llegan los faxes, se guardan en una caja especial

127
Q

El ladrón entró _____ la puerta

128
Q

Cambié mi moto _____ una bicicleta

129
Q

La escalara es _____ subir al techo

130
Q

Let’s go to the center (2)

Let’s not go to the movies

A

Vamos/vayamos al centro

No vayamos al cine (hay que usar vayamos con negativo)

131
Q

He left the podium (podio) as soon as or the moment he received his prize

A

● En cuanto and tan pronto como are used with the indicative when the action in the time clause has already taken place:

Se bajó del podio en cuanto recibió /tan pronto como recibió el premio

132
Q

As soon as/the moment we finish, I have to …(write an editorial)

A

● As with other time conjunctions, en cuanto and tan pronto como are used with the subjunctive if the action which follows hasn’t happened yet or hadn’t happened at the time of speaking:

En cuanto terminemos or Tan pronto como terminemos, tengo que escribir un editorial

133
Q

To your mother you have to tell the truth.

A

A su madre tiene que decirle la verdad.

La duplicación del complemento indirecto es obligatoria cuando el CI aparece antes que el verbo.

En cambio sí es correcta, aunque poco usada, la estructura:

Tiene que decir la verdad a su madre

134
Q

POR O PARA Estudio ____ aprender

135
Q

I just (now) finished drinking my coffee

A

Acabo de tomar el café

136
Q

the school where I teach

A

La escuela EN donde trabajo (Maricela]

137
Q

If you can, call me tomorrow

A

Si Present, Imperative

The si + present tense, imperative construction is used to give an order (in the imperative) dependent on the condition being met (in the present).

Si puedes, llamame mañana

Llama mañana si puedes - Call tomorrow if you can.
(If you can’t, then don’t worry about it.)

138
Q

If you Ud, have money, pay the bill

A

Si Ud. tiene dinero, pague la cuenta

Pague la cuenta si tiene dinero - Pay the bill if you have money.
If you don’t have money, someone else will do it.

139
Q

I must be dreaming

A

Debo de estar soNando…

Daga (libro 2)

140
Q

Are you already in the new house or have you still not moved?

A

¿Estás ya en la nueva casa o todavía no te has mudado?
In this sentence, the speaker uses the adjective “nueva” right before the noun “casa” because he or she already knows that the listener has a new house and will move soon. It is also very common that the speaker skips the new information and goes directly to say another thing based on information that he or she believes is obvious in the context.

141
Q

I just read a very interesting novel

A

When the adjective is right after the noun, it generally lets us know new information related to the noun. This gives the adjective higher relevance. For example:
Acabo de leer una novela muy interesante.
Vive en una casa modernísima.

142
Q

Ellas trabajaron mucho; la tarea ya ____(ser O estar)_____ hecha.

143
Q

I want you (tu) to be sincere (honest)

A

quiero que SEAS sincero

144
Q

it’s very common that sn. dies

A

es muy común que alguien muera (Yesenia)

Tom's cards (47 decks)

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