Gonadal Hormones and Inhibitors Flashcards
Ethinyl estradiol increases the risk of what cancers?
Endometrial and breast ca
What drug will you combine with ethinyl estradiol to prevent endometrial and breast ca?
Progestin
Used for postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy and intractable dysmenorrhea
Ethinyl estradiol
Used for atrophic vaginitis
Diethylstilbestrol
Causes clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma in daughters of mother who takes this drug
Diethylstilbestrol
Used in assisted reproduction and anovulation induction
Progestins: Norgestrel
Causes decreased HDL and weight gain
Norgestrel
Appetite stimulant
Megestrol
Type of oral contraceptive which closely mimics normal menses
Biphasic or triphasic
The primary action of combination hormonal contraceptives
Inhibition of ovulation
Emergency contraception
Levonorgestrel
Selective estrogen receptor modulator used for hormone-responsive breast ca; causes endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial ca
Tamoxifen
Toromifene
SERM that is used for osteoporosis and breast cancer prevention; does not cause endometrial ca
Raloxifene
SERM that is used for induction of ovulation; causes ovarian enlargement and multiple pregnancies
Clomiphene
Estrogen synthesis inhibitor that is used for the management of breast cancers that are resistant to tamoxifen and for precocious puberty
Anastrozole (aromatase inhibitor)
Used for endometriosis
Danazol (weak cytochrome P450 inhibitor and partial agonist of progestin and androgen receptors);
Medroxyprogesterone acetate by intramuscular injection
Used for medical abortion and Cushing syndrome
Mifepristone
Glucocorticoid- and progesterone-receptor antagonist
Used to treat breast cancer that is resistant to first-line antiestrogen therapy
Fulvestrant (estrogen receptor antagonist in all tissues)
Androgen antagonist that is used for prostate ca
Flutamide
Androgen antagonist that is used for surgical castration
Nilutamide
Androgen antagonist that decreases sexual drive in men
Cyproterone
5-alpha reductase inhibitor used for the treatment of BPH, male-pattern baldness, and hirsutism
Finasteride
Major ovarian estrogen in women
Estradiol
Example of estrogens
Ethinyl estradiol
Mestranol
Estrogen esters
Example of progestins
Norgestrel
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Megestrol acetate
Example of SERMs
Tamoxifen
Toremifene
Raloxifene
Clomiphene
Side effect of SERMs
Hot flushes
Thromboembolism
Endometrial hyperplasia
SERM used for osteoporosis
Raloxifene
SERM used for ovulation induction
Clomiphene
GnRH agonist
Leuprolide
GnRH receptor antagonist
Ganirelix
Cetrorelix
Used in combination with misoprostol for medical abortion
Mifepristone (progestin and glucocorticoid receptor antagonist)
An antifungal drug which inhibits gonadal and adrenal steroid synthesis; used to suppress adrenal steroid synthesis in patients with steroid-responsive metastatic prostate cancer
Ketoconazole
Men who use large doses of anabolic steroids are at increased risk of?
Cholestatic jaundice and elevation of aspartate transaminase levels in the blood
