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Adrenergic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Vasoconstricts renal blood vessels

A

Norepinephrine

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2
Q

Inhibits hydroxylation of tyrosine to DOPA

A

Metyrosine

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3
Q

Inhibits vesicular transport of NE and dopamine

A

Reserpine

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4
Q

Inhibits release of NE

A

Guanethidine

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5
Q

Promotes release of NE

A

Amphetamines

Tyramine

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6
Q

Diffusion and reuptake of NE is inhibited by?

A

Cocaine

TCAs

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7
Q

Increases stores of NE and dopamine

A

MAOIs

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8
Q

Non-selective, direct-acting sympathomimetic

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine

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9
Q

Beta-nonselective sympathomimetic

A

Isoproterenol

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10
Q

Alpha 1-selective sympathomimetics

A

Phenylephrine

Pseudoephedrine

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11
Q

Alpha 2 selective sympathomimetics

A

Clonidine
Apraclonidine
Methyldopa
Brimonidine

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12
Q

Beta 1-selective sympathomimetic

A

Dobutamine

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13
Q

Beta 2-selective sympathomimetic

A

Albuterol/salbutamol
Ritodrine
Terbutaline

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14
Q

Alpha-nonselective adrenergic antagonist

A

Phenoxybenzamine

Phentolamine

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15
Q

Alpha 1-selective antagonist

A 
Prazosin
Doxazosin
Terazosin
Tamsulosin
Silodosin
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16
Q

Beta-nonselective antagonist

A 
Propranolol
Pindolol
Timolol
Labetalol
Carvedilol
Nadolol
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17
Q

Beta 1-selective antagonist

A 
Atenolol
Betaxolol
Esmolol
Acebutolol
Metoprolol
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18
Q

Used in cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, asthma, COPD, Hemostasis

A

Epinephrine

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19
Q

Used in neurogenic shock and cardiogenic shock (last resort)

A

Norepinephrine

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20
Q

First line drug for shock; used in heart failure

A

Dopamine

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21
Q

Low dose dopamine (1-5mcg/kg/min) activates what receptors?

A

D1 receptors

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22
Q

Medium dose dopamine (5-15mcg/kg/min) stimulates what receptors?

A

B1 receptors

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23
Q

High dose (>15mcg/kg/min) stimulates what receptors?

A

Alpha receptors

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24
Q

Beta-nonselective sympathomimetic used for asthma; causes tachycardia

A

Isoproterenol

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25
Q

Decongestant; mydriatic; causes rebound nasal congestion

A

Phenylephrine

Pseudoephedrine

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26
Q

Causes mydriasis without cycloplegia

A

Phenylephrine

Pseudoephedrine

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27
Q

Used for hypertension, cancer pain, and opioid withdrawal

A

Clonidine

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28
Q

Used to treat rebound hypertension caused by clonidine

A

Phentolamine

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29
Q

Used for pre-eclampsia

A

Methyldopa

Alpha 2-selective

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30
Q

SE of methyldopa

A 
Sedation
Hemolytic anemia (positive Coomb's test)
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31
Q

Alpha 2-selective sympathomimetic used for glaucoma

A

Apraclonidine

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32
Q

Used for acute heart failure; DOC for cardiogenic shock

A

Dobutamine

Beta 1-selective sympathomimetic

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33
Q

Used in cardiac testing for amputated patients

A

Dobutamine

34
Q

DOC for acute attacks of asthma

A

Albuterol/salbutamol

35
Q

Used for tocolysis of preterm labor

A

Terbutaline

Ritodrine

36
Q

Beta 2-selective sympathomimetics may precipitate arrhythmias in patient with concurrent?

A

COPD and heart disease

37
Q

Sympathomimetic of choice for acute heart failure and septic shock

A

B1 and D1 agonist

38
Q

Sympathomimetic of choice for hemostasis, decongestion, and spinal shock

A

Alpha 1 agonist

39
Q

Sympathomimetic of choice for bronchospasm and premature labor

A

B2 agonist

40
Q

Sympathomimetic of choice for hypertension and glaucoma

A

Alpha 2 agonist

41
Q

Irreversible, nonselective, alpha blocker

A

Phenoxybenzamine

42
Q

Reversible, nonselective, alpha blocker

A

Phentolamine

43
Q

Alpha 1-selective blocker

A

Prazosin
Terazosin
Tamsulosin
Silodosin

44
Q

Alpha 2-selective blocker

45
Q

Nonselective beta blocker

A 
Propranolol
Pindolol
Timolol
Labetalol
Carvedilol
Nadolol
46
Q

Beta 1-selective blocker

A 
Atenolol
Betaxolol
Esmolol
Acebutolol
Metoprolol
47
Q

Beta 2-selective blocker

A

Butoxamine

48
Q

Used for pheochromocytoma (pre-surgical)

A

Phenoxybenzamine

Phentolamine

49
Q

Most selective for prostatic smooth muscle

A

Tamsulosin

50
Q

Used for BPH

A

Alpha 1-selective blocker

51
Q

Pharmacologic advantage of alpha 1-selectivity

A

Reflex tachycardia is less common and less severe

52
Q

Beta blockers which may be used for pheochromocytoma

A

Carvedilol

Labetalol

53
Q

Causes erectile dysfunction

A

Beta blockers

54
Q

Beta blocker with the longest half-life

55
Q

Beta blockers with absent local anesthetic activity; useful in glaucoma (decreases aqueous secretion from the ciliary epithelium)

A

Timolol

Betaxolol

56
Q

B1 blocker used for SVT

57
Q

Beta blocker with the shortest half-life

58
Q

Vasodilates renal blood vessels

59
Q

Alpha 1 agonists

A

Midodrine

Phenylephrine

60
Q

MOA of alpha-1 agonists

A

Activates phospholipase C, resulting in increased intracellular calcium and vasoconstriction (increases BP)

61
Q

Indication for alpha-1 agonists

A

Orthostatic hypotension

62
Q

Toxicity of alpha-1 agonists

A

Supine hypertension; piloerection (goosebumps); urinary retention

63
Q

Alpha-1 agonist used as a decongestant

A

Phenylephrine

64
Q

Alpha-2 agonists

A 
Clonidine
Methyldopa
Dexmedetomidine
Tizanidine
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine
65
Q

Mechanism of action of alpha-2 agonists

A

Inhibits adenylyl cyclase and interacts with other intracellular pathways; vasoconstriction is masked by central sympatholytic effect, which lowers BP

66
Q

Indication of alpha-2 agonists

A

Hypertension

67
Q

Toxicity of alpha-2 agonists

A

Dry mouth and sedation

68
Q

Alpha-2 agonists used in glaucoma to reduce intraocular pressure (decreases aqueous secretion)

A

Apraclonidine

Brimonidine

69
Q

B1 agonist

A

Dobutamine

70
Q

MOA of B1 agonist

A

Activates adenylyl cyclase, increasing myocardial contractility; positive inotrope

71
Q

Indication of B1 agonist

A

Cardiogenic shock; acute heart failure

72
Q

B2 agonist

73
Q

MOA of B2 agonist

A

Activates adenylyl cyclase; bronchodilation

74
Q

Indication of B2 agonist

75
Q

Toxicities of B2 agonist

A

Tremor

Tachycardia

76
Q

D1 agonist

A

Fenoldopam

77
Q

MOA of D1 agonist

A

Activates adenylyl cyclase; vascular smooth muscle relaxation

78
Q

Indication of D1 agonist

A

Hypertension

79
Q

D2 agonist

A

Bromocriptine

80
Q

MOA of D2 agonist

A

Inhibits adenylyl cyclase and interacts with other cellular pathways; restores dopamine actions in the CNS

81
Q

Indications of D2 agonist

A

Parkinson’s disease; prolactinemia

82
Q

Toxicity of D2 agonist

A

Orthostatic hypotension

Pharmacology (31 decks)

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