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Myco-Viro > GIT Viruses > Flashcards

GIT Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

The three (3) most common causes of non-inflammatory
of diarrhea

A
  • Rotavirus
  • Adenovirus
  • Norwalk Virus
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2
Q

what does it mean by non-inflammatory diarrhea?

A

does not contain blood in the stool (along with vomiting, fever, and possible dehydration)

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3
Q

common in infants and toddlers, with a geographic predilection of daycare schools

A

Rotavirus

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4
Q

incubation period lasts for 1 to 3 days and the infection may last 5 to 7 days

A

Rotavirus

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5
Q
  • common in younger kids
  • Incubation may last 7 to 8 days with the infection lasting up to a week
A

Adenovirus

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6
Q
  • most common in older kids
  • incubation period of 24 to 48 hours and an infection that may last 12 to 60 hour
A

Norwalk virus

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7
Q

TOF

Astroviruses do cause viral gastroenteritis, however, it is the least common.

A

True

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8
Q

Enumerate the characteristic of Calciviridae

A
  • Icosahedral ( 27-40nm in diameter, with cup like depression on capsid structure)
  • ssRNA
  • Naked (uneveloped)
  • Linear
  • Positive Sense
  • Non-segmented
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9
Q

What are the genera under the Calciviridae

A
  • Sapovirus
  • Norovirus
  • Lagovirus
  • Vesivirus
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10
Q

what are the 2 genera that cannot be cultured under calciviruses?

A

Sapovirus and Norovirus

Norwalk virus for Norovirus

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11
Q

Most common genera undere the Calciviridae and give the genome group associated with Human Gastroenteritis

3 yung genome groups

A
  • G-I
  • G-II
  • G-IV
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12
Q

Calciviridae

Since 2001, ____ has caused the greatest number of outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis worldwide

A

G-II.4

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13
Q

TOF
Similar with the influenza virus, Calciviridae are capable of having
an antigenic shift

A

F (drift - minor mutation only)

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14
Q

A prototype of the genera norovirus

A

Norwalk Virus

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15
Q

Calciviridae

The most important cause of epidemic viral gastroenteritis in adults

A

Norwalk Virus

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16
Q

Epidemic viral gastroenteritis of norwalk virus is then characterized by?

A
  • Absence of bacterial pathogens in culture
  • Rapid onset and recovery with mild systemic signs
  • Spreads rapidly with no predilection in terms of age or geography
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17
Q

Norwalk Virus

Incubation period and Mode of transmission

A
  • 24 to 48 hours
  • Fecal-oral-spread
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18
Q

Norwalk Virus

MOT are associated with?

A
  • water-borne
  • food-borne
  • shellfish vectors
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19
Q

Norwalk Virus

Clinical Manifestation

A
  • diarrhea
  • nausea
  • vomiting (N/V)
  • low grade fever
  • abdominal cramps
  • headache
  • malaise which may last for 12 to 16 hours

May lead to dehydration as a risk for complication

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20
Q

Norwalk Virus

Another characteristic that contributes to the virus being the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis is that its?

A

infectious dose is very low

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21
Q

Norwalk Virus

shed in the viral shedding of the can last for how many months?

A

one (1) month

even if you are only a carrier, the virus will still shed within you for one month

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22
Q

Norwalk Virus

The virus can also withstand hasher environments such as?

A
  • chlorinated water at 10 ppm
  • warmed food kept at 60 ‘C
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23
Q

Norwalk Virus

It was also mentioned that the Norwalk virus can be found within ____ and ____ that were cooked with steam only

Clue: A vector for MOT

A

shellfish and crustaceans

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24
Q

what culture medium are used for Norwalk VIrus?

A

NONE BITCH IT CANNOT BE CULTURED

nako nako

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25
Q

Norwalk Virus

Detecion specimen

A

feces and vomitus

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26
Q

Norwalk Virus

Treatment and Prevention

A
  • Supportive
  • Handwashing
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27
Q

The least common cause of viral gastroenteritis

A

ASTROVIRUSES

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28
Q

Enumerate the characteristic of Astroviridae

A
  • Icosahedral, 28-30nm in diameter, with ** star-like morphology**
  • ssRNA
  • Linear
  • Positive Sense
  • Naked
  • Non-segmented
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29
Q

Astroviridae

Replication

A

Cytoplasm

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30
Q

Astroviridae

Genera

A

Mamastrovirus and Avastrovirus

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31
Q

Astroviridae

Mode of
Transmission

A

Fecal-oral route

32
Q

Astroviridae

All human viruses causing gastrointestinal infections are classified under the genera?

A

Mamastrovirus (specific to Human)

33
Q

Enumerate the Characteristic of Adenovirus

A
  • Icosahedral 70 90nm in diameter, 252 capsomeres
  • dsDNA
  • Linear
  • Naked
34
Q

Adenoviridae

  • Replication
  • Reservoir
  • MOT
A
  • Nucleus
  • Ubiquitous in humans and animals
  • Respiratory, fecal-oral, direct contact
35
Q

Adenovirus

the shape of the virus helps in the attachment of the virus to the host cell are called?

A

protrusions

36
Q

greek word “adenas” means

A

gland

37
Q

what origin does the Adenoviridae replicate in the nucleus of cells?

A

Epithelial origin

responsible for transmission through respiratory droplets, fecal-oral, and even direct contac

38
Q
A
39
Q

Adenoviridae

First, the virus will ____ to the cell via its fiber receptors which are the protrusion in the virion

A

Attach

40
Q

Adenoviridae

second it will be internalized within the?

A

host cell endosome

41
Q

Adenoviridae

what triggers the rapid shedding?

A

Acidic pH

this results to the releas of the viron

42
Q

Adenovirus

What replication process

consists of the transcription and translation of the early genes and regulatory early proteins

A

early phase

43
Q

Adenoviridae

What replication process

Transcription and translation of late genes and proteins

A

Late phase

44
Q

Adenoviridae

what happens after the replication process?

A
  • Assembly to form a mature virus
  • Lysis of the cell for release
45
Q

Adenoviridea

this part of virulence factor prevents interferons

A

viral association RNA (VA-RNA)

46
Q

Adenoviridae

this part of virulence factor inhibits the action of the CD8+ T cells of cytolysis

A

adenovirus E3 region

47
Q

Adenovirus

CPE:

Marked rounding, enlargement and aggregation of affected cells resulting to

A

grape-like clusters

not pathognomonic

48
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease)

peaks during what season?

A

spring and winter

less common than influenza

49
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease

what are the respiratory disease involved?

A

Acute Respiratory Disease and Pneumonia

50
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease

Infants and children are affected by what group

A

group C viruses, types 1,2 and 5

51
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease

adolescents are affected by what group

A

group C viruses, types 3, 4, and 7

52
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease

what type are capable of causing pneumonia in childhood

A

Types 3,7, and 21

53
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease

Epidemic forms of the disease are usually caused by what type?

A

types 4, and 7 with the occasional type 3

54
Q

Adenoviruses - Respiratory Disease

what are the population at risk with the epidemic form

A
  • Children
  • Young military Recruits
  • College Students
55
Q

Adenoviruses

Also known as the swimming pool conjunctivitis or pink eye with the involvement of the upper respiratory tract

A

Pharyngoconjunctivitis

56
Q

Adenoviruses - Pharyngoconjunctivitis

The site of the infection is in the

A

pharynx with conjunctivitis

57
Q

Clinical manifestations of pharyngoconjunctivitis

A
  • Fever
  • Sore throat
  • Coryza
  • Red eyes
58
Q

Adenoviruses - Pharyngoconjunctivitis

which means that it does not produce discharge apart from having watery eyes

A

Non-purulent conjunctivitis

59
Q

Adenoviruses - Pharyngoconjunctivitis

Duration lasts for

A

1 to 2 weeks

60
Q

Adenoviruses

  • More common in adults and is highly contagious
  • Commonly known as the sore eyes.
A

Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

61
Q

Adenoviruses - Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

what types are caused by this?

A

types 8, 19 and 27

62
Q

Adenoviruses - Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

Presents initially as conjunctivitis which will be followed by?

A

keratitis

KERATITIS?!

63
Q

Adenoviruses - Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

Resolves within ?

A

2 weeks

64
Q

Adenoviruses

More common in daycare facilities which mainly cater to children

A

infantile Gastroenteritis

65
Q

Adenoviruses - Infantile Gastroenteritis

TOF

Less common as compared to the same disease caused by rotaavirus

A

False (rotavirus)

not a typo dumbo

66
Q

Adenoviruses - Infantile Gastroenteritis

caused by what type?

A

types 40 and 41

67
Q

Adenoviruses

  • Infects the genitourinary tract.
  • More common in boys 5 to 15 years of age.
A

Acute Hemorrhagic Cystitis

68
Q

Adenoviruses - Acute Hemorrhagic Cystitis

Manifests as?

A

dysuria and hematuria

pain while urinating; blood in urine

69
Q

Adenoviruses

Specimen

A
  • respiratory sample
  • conjunctival swab
  • throat swab
  • stool
  • urine
70
Q

Adenoviruses

Cell culture

A
  • primary human embryonic kidney cell
  • human epithelial cell lines such as the Hep-2, Hela and KB cell
71
Q

Adenoviruses

Detection

A
  • Hemagglutinin-inhibition test
  • Neutralization test
  • PCR
  • Serological test
72
Q

Adenoviruses

Treatment and Prevention

A
  • Supportive
  • Live non-attenuated vaccine
73
Q

The ideal cell culture media for adenovirus

A

human embryonic kidney cell

HOWEVER, human epithelial cell lines = more sensitive

74
Q

hep hep

A

hooray

75
Q

if u see this card

A

ur done, shake yo ass

Myco-Viro (19 decks)

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