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Myco-Viro > (2) Slow Virus and Prions > Flashcards

(2) Slow Virus and Prions Flashcards

1
Q

Slow or chronic infections of the CNS

A

Slow Virus Infections

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2
Q

Incubation period for Slow Virus infection

A

YEAAAAAARSSSS

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3
Q

what are the 2 mentions slow virus infections

A
  • Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE)
  • Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
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4
Q

Slow Virus

  • Rare disease caused by Measles virus
  • occurs 2-10 years after recovery from measles
A

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE)

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5
Q

Slow Virus

what happens with the CNS in Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE)

A

Slow progressive demyelination in the CNS = ending in death :(

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6
Q

Slow Virus

what are the initial symptoms of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE)

A
  • memory loss
  • irritability
  • seizures
  • involuntary muscle movements
  • and/or behavioral changes

all symptoms leading to neurological deterioration and death

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7
Q

Slow Virus

what are found in the neurons and glial cells with SSPE infection

A

Large numbers of viral nucleocapsid

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8
Q

Slow Virus

Caused by JC virus (a polyomavirus)

A

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

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9
Q

Slow Virus

John Cunningham virus, a ds-DNA, icosahedral, and
naked

A

JC virus (a polyomavirus)

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10
Q

Slow virus

  • Rare
  • 85% of adults in the general population have the virus
A

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

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11
Q

Slow virus

PML virus usually remain dormant in what sites of the body

A

lymph nodes, bone
marrow, or kidneys throughout our lifetime

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12
Q

TOF
PML can cause CNS complication that occurs in immunocompromised
individuals (e.g., AIDS patients)

A

True

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13
Q
  • Small, proteinaceous particles
  • no nucleic acid
A

Prions

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14
Q

Cellular prion protein

A

PrPC

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15
Q

A modified prion

A

PrPSC

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16
Q

Prion

A normal protein in humans and other animals which is in extended form of recent infection with sars-cov-2

A

PrPC

17
Q

Prion

Globular – resistant to proteases

A

PrPSC

18
Q

Responsible for the disease causing of Prion

A

PrPSC

19
Q

who suggested the model of how prions cause disease?

A

Stanley Prusiner

20
Q

Prion - Pathogenesis

(1) PrPsc binds to the

A

normal PrPc on the cell surface and cause it to be processed into PrPsc

21
Q

Prion - Pathogenesis

(2) The cell replenishes the ____, and the cycle continues.

A

PrPc

22
Q

Prion - Pathogenesis

(3) ____ aggregates as amyloid-like plaques in the brain

A

PrPsc

23
Q

Prion - Pathogenesis

what causes the aggregates as amyloid-like plaques in the brain

A

PrPsc

24
Q

Prion - Pathogenesis

(4) e plaques consist of host protein might explain the lack of an immune response to these agents in ____

A

spongiform encephalopathies

25
Q

SYmptoms of prion disease

A
  • Loss of muscle control
  • shivering
  • tremors
  • dementia
26
Q

Prions - Symptoms

post mortem appearance
of the brain with large vacuoles in the cortex and cerebellum

A

Spongiform encephalopathies

27
Q

TOF

Vaccine is available for treatment of Prions

A

F (No treatment available)

28
Q

This the only way to minimize or prevent the prion disease

A

Control

29
Q

Control for KURU

A

cessation of ritual of cannibalism

30
Q

Control for GSS and CJD

A

disinfection of neurosurgical tools and electrodes in 5% hypochlorite, 1.0 M NaOH, or autoclaving at 15 psi for 1 hour

31
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Human

Mechanism: Cannibalism

A

Kuru

32
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Human

Mechanism: Spontaneous PrPc to PrPsc conversion or somatic mutation

A

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease (CJD) and Sporadic fatal insomnia

33
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Human

Mechanism: nfection from prioncontaining material, e.g., dura mater, electrode

A

Iatrogenic CJD

34
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Human

Mechanism: Mutation in the PrP gene

A

Familial CJD and Gerstmann-Straussler
Scheincker (GSS) disease

35
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Human

Mechanism: Infection from BSE (bovine spongifrom encelopathy) (mad cow)

A

vCJD

36
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Human

Mechanism: D178N mutation in the
PrP gene, with M129
polymorphism

A

Familial Fatal Insomnia (FFI)

37
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Sheep

Mechanism: Infection in susceptible
sheep

A

Scrapie

38
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Cattle

Mechanism: Infection from
contaminated food

A

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

39
Q

Prions - What DIsease

Host: Mink

Mechanism: Infection from sheep or cattle in food

A

Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME)

Myco-Viro (11 decks)

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