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Myco-Viro > (2) Superficial, Cutaneous, & Subcutaneous Fungi > Flashcards

(2) Superficial, Cutaneous, & Subcutaneous Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

This fungi resides in the cutaneous part of the body; parts of the body that contains keratin

A

Cutaneous Fungi

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2
Q

the member of the cutaneous fungi are describes or said to be?

A

Keratinophilic – loves keratin

KERATIN!?!

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3
Q

what are the other name for cutaneous fungi?

A

Cutaneous Mycoses or Dermatophytes

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3
Q

What is the infection that cutaneous fungi cause?

A

TINEA or RINGWORM

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4
Q

This is the general term for infections caused by dermatophytes (cutaneaous fungi)

A

Dermatophytosis

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5
Q

what is the unique characteristic of Cutaneous Fungi?

A

non-reproductive or asexual spores contain macroconidia and microconidia

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6
Q

What are the 3 genus under the Cutaneous Fungi?

A
  • Trichophyton – skin, hair and nails
  • Microsporum – skin and hair only
  • Epidermophyton – skin and hair only
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7
Q

Genus under cutaneous fungi that infects SKIN, and HAIR ONLY

A

Microsporum and Epidermophyton

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8
Q

Genus under cutaneous fungi that infects SKIN, HAIR, and NAILS

A

Trichophyton

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9
Q

Cutaneous Fungi

Refers to which ENVIRONMENT it is seen, what is its SOURCE, and which are its AFFINITY

A

Ecological Groups

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10
Q

Enumerate the Ecological Groups

A
  1. Geophilic
  2. Zoophilic
  3. Antropophilic
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11
Q

Ecological Group

  • Inhabit SOIL where they decompose keratinaceous debris
  • DEAD animals
A

Geophilic

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12
Q

Ecological Group

  • Parasitic on ALIVE animals
A

Zoophilic

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13
Q

Ecological Group

  • Primarily parasitic to man
  • Man as exclusive host
  • Man is importatn for maintenance and dissemination of species
A

Anthrophilic

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14
Q

Ecological Group

give the exmples of fungi under anthrophilic

A
  • M. audonii
  • T. rubrum
  • T. schoenleinii
  • T. tonsurans
  • T. violaceum
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15
Q

Ecological Group

  1. Acute Inflammation, Resolve quiclkly
  2. Mild, Chronic Infection, Difficult to eradicate

A. Anthrophilic
B. Geophilic
C. Zoophilic

A
  1. B and C
  2. A
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16
Q

Enumerate the specific ring worm infection under DERMATOPHYTOSIS (RING WORM)

CLUE: Cats Can’t Count Fish, But Unicorns Play In Mud.

A
  • Tinea corporis
  • Tinea cruris
  • Tinea capitis
  • Tinea favosa
  • Tinea barbae
  • Tinea unguium
  • Tinea pedis
  • Tinea imbricata
  • Tinea manuum

CCCFBUPIM

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17
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • Non-hairy skin
  • Rings with Scaly centers
  • Reacts with fungus (reddish Inflamed looking)
A

Tinea corporis

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18
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

what are the causative Agent udner tinea corporis

A
  • Epidermophyton floccosum
  • Genus of Trichophyton
  • Genus of Microsporum
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19
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • Jock itch
  • Infects the moist groin area (lower extermities)
  • Causative agents:
    o Epidermophyton floccosum
    o Trichophyton rubrum
A

Tinea cruris

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20
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • Infects the Scalp, eyebrow, eyelashes
  • Genus of Microsporum and Trichophyton can cause this infection
A

Tinea Capitis

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21
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • Scutulum
  • Mass of mycelia and epithelial debris are shed off (smaller are than tinea capitis)
  • Looks like a dandruff
  • Cup-Shaped crusts
A

Tinea Favosa

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22
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

Bearded areas of face and neck

A

Tinea barbae

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23
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • Invasion of nail plate by dermatophytes (Tricophyton or Epidermophyton)
  • Thickened, discolored, and brittle

Onychomycosis – non dermatophyte (pag hindi dermatophyte yung nail infection)

A

Tinea unguium

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24
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • “Athletes’s foot” common name
  • Toe weebs and soles and even nails
  • ID reaction = Circulating fungal antigens
A

Tinea Pedis

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25
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • Appear as Concentric rings
  • Caused by Trichophyton concentricum
A

Tinea imbricata

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26
Q

Dermatophysis (Ring Worm)

  • interdigital areas and palmar surfaces (hands)
A

Tinea manuum

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27
Q

Enumerate the Manner of Hair Invasion

A
  1. Echtothrix Invasion
  2. Endothrix Invasion
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28
Q

Invasion of Hair

  • Hair invasion
  • Formation of arthroconidia on the outside of hair shaft
  • Cuticle of hair is destroyed
A

Ectothrix invasion

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29
Q

Ectothrix invasion is caused by a dermatophyte, enumerate the fungi

A
  • Microsporum canis
  • M. gypseum
  • Trichophyton equinum
  • T. verrucosum
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30
Q

What are the lab identification for Hair invasion?

A

Wood’s UV light

Infected hairs fluoresce
Bright greenish yellow under Wood’s lamp

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31
Q

Hair Invasion

  • Formation of spores and hyphae within hair shaft
  • Cuticle of hair remains intact
  • DO NOT fluoresce under Wood’s UV light
  • ALL AGENTS ARE ANTHROPOPHILIC
A

Endothrix invasion

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32
Q

common dermatophytes that cause the endothrix invasion

A

Trichophyton tonsurans and T. violaceum

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33
Q

Enumerate the classification of Dermatophytes

A
  • Microsporum
  • Trichophyton
  • Epidermophyton
34
Q

Microsporum are commonly called as?

A

Sheath of spore

Why? Because puro sila macroconidia and microconidia, and majority of them when you look at it under the microscope, puro spores ang makikita natin specifically, nonsexual (asexual) type of spores

35
Q

Enumerate the micoscporum

A
  1. Microsporum Canis
  2. Microsporum Gypseum
  3. Microsporum Audouinii
36
Q

Microsporium

  • Fluorescence UVL (UV light), growth on rice grain medium
  • SPINDLE SHAPE MACROCONIDIA (6-12 CELLS)
A

Microsporum Canis

37
Q

Microsporium

  • Zoophilic (cats and Dogs)
  • Invades: hair, skin, and rarely nails
  • Worldwide Distribution
A

Microsporum Canis

38
Q

Microsporum

What is the morphology of microsporum canis under microscope

A
  • Spindle shaped, one end pointed, other end blunt
  • Thick walled verrucose macroconidia
  • 6-12 cells
39
Q

Microsporum

What lab diagnosis are used for Microsporum canis?

A

Culture

40
Q

Microsporum

Describe the culture’s colony of microsporum canis

A

▪ it produces a white cottony growth
▪ On the reverse side of the plate (sa
likod): Golden yellow reverse colony

41
Q

Microsporum

  • Geophilic, DO NOT fluoresce under UV
  • OBLONG (ELLIPSOIDAL) MACROCONIDIA (4-6 CELLS)
A

Microsporum Gypseum

42
Q

Microsporum

Lab diagnosis for microsporum gypseum

A

Culture

43
Q

Microsporum

Describe the colony of the Microsporum gypseum culture

A
  • Flat, spreading suede-like to granular
  • Cinnamon growth
  • Yellow brown pigment on reverse of colony
44
Q

Describe the morphology of Microsporum gypseum under microscope

A
  • Symmetrical ellipsoidal
  • Thin walled verrucose macroconidia
  • Distal end slightly rounded, proximal (point of attachment) is blunt
  • 4-6 cells
45
Q

Microsporum

  • Anthrophophilic
  • Causing Tinea capitis (old individuals/elderly)
A

Microsporum Audouinii

46
Q

if u see this card

A

Take note! For Microsporum, the species under this only have Macroconidia.

- from senior trans (TJ lecturer)

47
Q

Microsporum

Match

  1. Geophilic
  2. Zoophilic
  3. Anthrophilic

a. Microsporum Canis
b. Microsporum Gypeseum
c. Microsporum Audouinii

A
  1. B (G - Gypseum; Geo)
  2. A (canis - cat; ZOO)
  3. C (A-audouinii; Antrho)
48
Q

Enumerate the Trichophytons

CLUE: Registered Medical Tech Sobrang Vovo Co

A
  1. Trichophyton Rubrum
  2. Trichophyton Mentagrophytes
  3. Trichophyton Tonsuran
  4. Trichophyton Schoenleinii
  5. Trichophyton Verrucosum
  6. Trichophyton Concentricum

RMTSVC

49
Q
  • It’s called ghost of hair mainly because it causes infection on the hair without noticeable signs
  • has BOTH sexual spore macroconidia and microconidia
  • Infects SKIN but mostly HAIR
A

Trichophyton

50
Q

Trichophyton

  • anthropophilic, ectothrix/endothrix
  • TEAR-DROP SHAPED MICROCONIDIA (SIDE; Majority)
A

Trichophyton Rubrum

51
Q

Trichophyton

Give the lab diagnosis and characteristic of Trichophyton rubrum

A

Agar Culture

  • White, suede to downy (FRONT)
  • wine-red pigment reverse (BACK)
52
Q

Trichophyton

give the description of conidia under the microscope for the Trichophyton rubrum

A
  • Scanty to moderate number of slender clavate to pyriform microconidia
  • Clavate to pyriform conidia, “en-thyrse” arranged (means side by side)
53
Q

Trichophyton

Trichophyton are negative in what biochemical test

A

Negative in vitro hair perforation and urease test

54
Q

Trichophyton

why trichophyton is negative from in vitro and urease test

A

Most of the rubrum cannot invade the hair

55
Q

Trichophyton

  • Zoophilic, ectothrix
  • Spherical microconidia forming dense cluster, “en-grappe”
  • GRAPE LIKE, EN GRAPPE (CLUSTER) MICROCONIDIA
A

Trichophyton Mentagrophytes

56
Q

Trichophyton

Describe the morphology of Trichophyton mentagrophytes under the microscope

A
  • Spiral hyphae (Old culture)
  • Smooth thin-walled clavate multiseptate macroconidia
  • Rod -shape macroconidium may also be Observed
57
Q

What is the lab diagnosis for Trichophyton mentagrophytes and describe its characteris

A

Agar Culture

▪ Flat, white to cream color;
▪ Powdery to granular surface

58
Q

Give the reaction of Trichophyton Mentagrophytes for Hair perforation, Red pigment, and Urease

A
  • Hair perforation (+) (appears to have a V-shaped / inverted V perforation)
  • Red pigment (-)
  • Urease (+)
59
Q

Trichophyton

  • Anthropophilic
  • Requires thiamine for growth
  • Balloon shape microconidia
A

Trichophyton Tonsuran

60
Q

Trichophyton

Causative agent for Black dot tinea capitis

A

Trichophyton Tonsuran

61
Q

What is the lab diagnosis for Trichophyton tonsuran and describe its characteristic

A

CULTIURE
- creamy white w/ crater like depressed center (looks like an anus, search it up)
- Under microscope: its distoreted macroconidia

62
Q

Trichophyton

  • Causative agent of favus
  • Favic chandelier hyphae –characteristic of its hyphae
  • lots of hypahe(no micro- and macroconidia)
A

Trichophyton Schoenleinii

63
Q

Trichophyton

  • Microconidia is described as Clavate/pyriform microconidia with Rat tail/ string bean shaped macroconidia
A

Trichophyton Verrucosum

64
Q

Trichophyton

What is the invasion the trichophyton verrucosum causes and doest it fluoresce

A

It causes Ectothrix invasion which fluoresce sa wood lamp

65
Q

Trichophyton

describe the colony of trichophyton verrucosum

A

Glabrous, folded white like in appearance

66
Q

Trichophyton

  • Anthropophilic
  • Chronic non-inflammatory TINEA CORPORIS
  • Not invade hair
A

Trichophyton Concentricum

67
Q

Trichophyton

This is much more specific type of corporis infection of Trichophyton concentricum

A

Tinea Imbricata

68
Q

Describe the lab diagnosis of Trichophyton concetricum

A
  • slow growing deeply folded thallus.
    o Parang nakafold yung mga colony
    nya
  • Cream to orange brown in color
  • Reverse → Buff to brown
69
Q

Describe the morphology of Trichophyton concetricum under micrscope

A

“ANTLER TIPS” hyphae
and chlamydoconidia

70
Q

this is the lone fungi under epidermophyton

A

Epidermophyton Floccosum

71
Q

Epidermophyton

  • Club shape macroconidia
  • Dutch pants fuseaux like appearance
  • Anthropophilic
  • Does not invade hair in vivo.
  • Worldwide distribution
A

Epidermophyton Floccosum

72
Q

Describe the micrscopic morphology of Epidermophyton Floccosum

A
  • Smooth thin-walled macroconidia often clusters growing directly from hyphae
  • no microconidia
  • numerous chlamydoconidia
73
Q

Describe the culture characteristic of Epidermophyton Floccosum

A
  • Greenish brown or “Khaki” colored with suede like surface.
  • Raised and folded surface with flat periphery
  • Reverse → White powdery w/ yellowish Brown Pigment
74
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

What KOH concentration are used ff:

  1. Skin, and hair sample
  2. Nail
A
  1. 10%
  2. 70%
75
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

what culture medium are used and give the environmental growing consideration

A

Medium: Sabourauds agar or Mycosel (Dermatophyte test medium)

  • ## Room temp, for 2 weeks
76
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

what is the specific and selective medium for dermatophyte?

A

Dermatophyte test medium

77
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

TOF

Wood’s lamp (UVL: UV light) – to fluorescence

A

True

Specifically needed for microsporum

78
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

Which Microsporum spp will fluoresce under wood lamps

Microsporum Canis or Gypseum

A
  • Microsporum canis: Fluoresce
  • Microsporum gypseum: Will not fluoresce
79
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

what is the identification lab diagnositc used?

A

Identification in culture is grossly
and microscopic

80
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

Enumerate the treatment

A
  • Local antifungal creams – miconazole, tolnaftate, etc
  • Oral antifungal reagents– griseofulvin, ketoconazole
81
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS FUNGI

use this card to famillairize skin scraping specimen procedure

A
  1. Wipe the skin with water.
  2. Scrape the skin on the active edge.
  3. Put it in the envelope or paper.
  4. Submit it to the laboratory for preparation.
82
Q
A

Myco-Viro (25 decks)

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