(2) Reoviridae Flashcards
Meaning of REO in REOVIRIDAE
Respiratory Enteric Orphan (REO) Viruses
REOVIRUSES can be isolated from?
respiratory tract or the enteric tract
why is it termed as Respiratory Enteric ORPHAN viruses
Termed as “orphan” since it is not associated with a
specific disease
important genera udnder REOVIRIDAE
- Rotavirus
- Coltivirus
- Orbivirus
- Orthoreoviruses
General Characterisrtic of REOVIRIDAE
- Icosahedral
- 60-80 nm
- Double capsid shell (EXCEPT the rotavirus which has a triple-layered shell)
- Segmented
- double-stranded RNA
where does the REOVIRIDAE replicate?
Cytoplasmic replication
REOVIRIDAE are extremely stable in what sense?
- Heat Resistant
- Infectioous at a wide range of pH: 3.0 - 9.0
- Resistant to lipid solvent
what lipid solvents are the REOVIRIDAE resistant with?
ether and
chloroform
REOVIRIDAE are inactivated by?
- 95% ethanol
- phenol
- chlorine
Reoviridae - Replication
The virus will attach to the cell surface through the cell
surface receptors through the ?
viral hemagglutinin (σ1
protein)
Reoviridae - Replication
a minor component of the outer capsid of the virus
viral hemagglutinin (σ1
protein)
Reoviridae - Replication
after attachment what is the next process
penetration and uncoating of the first layer
Reoviridae - Replication
penetration and uncoating of the first layer →
core will be released and morphogenesis will occur
Reoviridae - Replication
what will occur along with the releasing of core and morphogenesis
translation and transcription
Reoviridae - Replication
The mature virion will be released secondary to?
Cell lysis
if u see this card
check the viral replication process
Major cause of diarrheal illness in human and the single most important cause of gastroenteritis in children
Rotavirus
what disease are included in the ROTAVIRUS
- Human infantile diarrhea
- Nebraska calf diarrhea
- epizootic diarrhea of infant mice
Rotavirus - TOF
Classified into 7 species from A-H based on the antigenic epitomes in the internal structural protein of the virus
F
7 nga lang diba, A-G
Rotavirius
Most frequent pathogen
A serotype
Rotavirius
implicated in large outbreaks of severe
gastroenteritis.
B serotype
Rotavirius
predominant
serotype strains.
G1 to G4 and G9
Rotavirus MOT
fecal-oral-route
Rotavirus - MOT
the virus will infect the?
villi of the small intestine
Rotavirus - MOT
will infect the villi of the small intestine →
replicate in the cytoplasm
Rotavirus - MOT
replicate in the cytoplasm →
cell lysis
Rotavirus - MOT
what will happen when cell lysis happen?
cause impaired absorption of carbohydrate and other nutrients
Rotavirus - MOT
When there is an impaired absorption of carbohydrate and other nutrients, it will lead to?
vomiting and by watery diarrhea of
hypersecretory diarrhea with mucoid stool
not invasive, stool should not have blood
Rotavirus incubation period lasts between?
1-3 days, and is vaccine preventable
Clinical
Manifestation of Rotavirus
- Watery diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, vomiting leading to dehydration
- TN: inflammation → (-) bloody stoot
Immunity of rotavirus
- Rotavirus antibody is maintained in adults
- Subclinical reinfection
Treatment of rotavirus
Supportive treatment targets dehydration
Prevention (vaccine) for rotavirus
- RotaTeq
- Rotarix
Diagnosis for rotavirus
- Stool
- ELISA
- PCR
Rotavirus
Watery diarrhea is due to the lysis of
enterocytes
Rotavirus
water diarrhea is secondary to?
rotavirus encoded protein NSP4 (viral enterotoxin which induces secretion)
Rotavirus
Supportive treatment targets dehydration which mainly consists of
fluid management
Rotavirus
Gatorade should not be given in cases of dehydration due to diarrhea since the drink contains lots of ?
carbohydrates which will result to more diarrhea due to the impaired absorption mechanism of the enteric
tract
Rotavirus - vaccine
an oral live attenuated pentavalent human bovine reassortant rotavirus
RotaTeq
Rotavirus - vaccine
an oral live attenuated monovalent human
reassortant rotavirus vaccine
Rotarix
dosage for RotaTeq and Rotarix
- three (3) doses at ages 2, 4, and 6 months
- two (2) doses at ages 2 and 4 months
- Natural hosts are vertebrates
- Tropism in the epitheliums
ORTHOREOVIRUS
orthoreovirus tropism can be seen in what epithelium and other sites
- intestinal epithelium
- bile duct epithelium
- lung epithelium
- leukocytes
- CNS endothelial cells
Orthoreovirus MOT
- Fecal-oral route
- respiratory inhalation of aerosol droplets
Diseases associated with orthorevirus includes
- mild upper respiratory tract disease
- gastroenteritis
- biliary atresia
Orthoreovirus display what properties
oncolytic properties
how many cases are there with orthoreoviruses
Unti pa lang
- Commonly infects insects
- Transmission is through insects passing the virus to vertebrates
- Manifests as a mild fever
Orbivirus
- Endemic to Rocky Mountains where hikers or campers are often infected following a tick bite
- Clinical manifestations include fever, myalgia, and ocular pain.
Coltivurus
Enumerate ALL VIRUS that was stated in the lesson under Picronaviridae
- POLIOVIRUSES (PV)
- COXSACKIEVIRUS (CV)
- ECHOVIRUSES
- RHINOVIRUSES
Enumerate ALL VIRUS that was stated in the lesson under Reoviridae
- ROTAVIRUS
- ORTHOREOVIRUS
- ORBIVIRUS
- COLTIVURUS
