GERD (Introduction)

Question 1

Backward flow (reflux) of gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus

Answer 1

GERD

Question 2

Considered to be a disease process when acid is excessive and causes undesirable symptoms such as

1. pain
2. inflammatory changes of the esophageal mucosa, and
3. Respiratory distress

Answer 2

GERD

Question 3

GERD: meaning

Answer 3

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Question 4

Acute symptoms of inflammation of the esophageal mucosa

Hallmark sign of GERD

Answer 4

Reflux Esophagitis

Question 5

Hallmark sign of GERD

Answer 5

Reflux Esophagitis

Question 6

Cause of GERD

Answer 6

1. Inappropriate relaxation of LES
2. Inability of the LES to close fully
3. Pyloric stenosis
4. Motility disorder
5. Hiatal hernia

Question 7

Warm fluid traveling up the throat, a bitter or sour taste in the mouth

Effortless regurgitation in upright position can be a high danger of aspiration on recumbent (lying) position

Answer 7

Regurgitation

Question 8

Regurgitation:

what to monitor

Signs of Aspiration Pneumonia

Answer 8

Monitor for crackles in the lungs, coughing at night time

(signs of aspiration pneumonia)

Question 9

Medical term for heartburn

Answer 9

Pyrosis

Question 10

“Water brash”

Answer 10

Hypersalivation

Question 11

Difference between regurgitation and hypersalivation

Answer 11

Hypersalivation: (-) bitter/sour taste

Question 12

Due to repeated exposure to acid gastric secretions with pH: 1.5-2 while esophagus is normally neutral (pH: 6-7)

Answer 12

Erosive Esophagitis