Appendicitis Flashcards
Inflammation of the vermiform appendix (8-10cm)
More common in males 10-30yrs of age
Familial, slightly higher
Appendicitis
Etiology
- Obstruction by fecal impaction, kinking of the appendix, parasites, or infection
- Low fiber diet
- High intake refined carbohydrates
- Sedentary lifestyle
Assessment
“rebound tenderness”
Blumberg’s sign
Assessment
Pain upon removal of pressure rather than application of pressure to the abdomen
Indication: peritonitis/appendicitis
Blumberg’s Sign
Assessment
Tenderness in the RLQ when palpating the LLQ
Rovsing’s Sign
Assessment
RLQ pain that is produced with the pt extending the hip d/t inflammation of the peritoneum overlying the psoas muscle
Psoa’s Sign or Copes psoas or Obraztsova’s sign
Assessment
Straightening out the leg causes the pain because it stretches the muscles and flexing the hip into the “fetal position” relieves the pain
Psoa’s Sign or Copes psoas or Obraztsova’s sign
Appendicitis: Assessment
Vague periumbilical pain/Mcburney point
Rigid, guarded abdomen
Anorexia, N/V
Blumberg’s Sign (rebound tenderness)
Rovsing’s Sign
Psoa’s Sign
Fever (38-38.5)
Constipation
Decreased/absent bowel sound
Diagnostic Tests
- WBC count
- Pregnancy test
- Urinalysis
- CT Scan
- UTZ
- Neuro-Spec Imaging
Surgical Management
- Laparoscopy
- Laparotomy
- Appendectomy
Nursing Management
- Pt NPO status for possible admission
- Administer IVF as prescribed to prevent fluids and electrolyte imbalance (run for 8hrs)
- Maintain pt in semi-fowler’s position to prevent upward spread of infection
Nursing Management: what NOT TO DO
DO NOT
1. Administer laxatives or enema to prevent perforation of the appendix
- Apply local heat to prevent inflammation and perforation. Instead, apply cold compress
