DX PROCEDURE: ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES Flashcards
Identify the source of upper GI bleeding
Determine if gastric malignancy or benign ulcer
Differentiate between gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Used to identify stones, tumors, or narrowing in the biliary and pancreatic ducts
Contrast agent injected through the ducts – visible on x-rays
Take biopsy, remove gallstones, place stent in a narrowed bile duct
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP)
Used to look at
o Gallbladder
o Biliary ducts
o Pancreatic duct
Non-invasive
Uses magnetic resonance imaging to see if gallstones are lodged in any ducts surrounding the gallbladder
Magnetic Resonance Cholangio-Pancreatography (MRCP)
Endoscopic procedure that allows for the examination of the entire colon
It is used to:
o Identify malignant growths
o Take biopsy specimens
o Remove polyps
o Locate bleeding
Colonoscopy
Only allows for the visualization of the anus, rectum, and distal sigmoid colon
Sigmoidoscopy
Patient swallows a capsule containing a light source and tiny camera
Capsule travels through the stomach and small intestines, which usually takes about 8hrs, taking thousands of pictures as it travels
Pictures are sent to a device worn around the patient’s waist, and can then be downloaded to a computer for the doctor to view as a video
Capsule Endoscopy
Uses a CT scan to create a 3-D picture that looks at the inside surfaces of the colon
Images can be used to create a moving “fly-through” view on the screen, much like an actual colonoscopy
Virtual Colonoscopy
Test that measures pressure changes in the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
Records the sequence and duration of peristaltic movements within the esophagus, with the pt at rest and during swallowing
Esophageal Manometry
For the esophagus exposure to acid reflux from the stomach over a 24hr period
A thin tube with a pH monitor is swallowed and stays in the esophagus to record changes in acidity, while the pt also documents their symptoms during specific activities
Esophageal pH Monitoring Test
hydrochloric acid directed into the esophagus and if the pt has to swallow more than 10x to move the acid down, there is a problem with esophageal motility
Acid Clearing Test
A small amount of hydrochloric acid directed into the esophagus
o Pain felt – (+) reflux esophagitis
o No pain – another explanation must be sought for the patient’s heartburn symptoms
Bernstein Test (acid perfusion test)
Gastric analysis
Examine the gastric acid in the stomach when fasting and when stimulated
Gastric Function Test
