Genito- urinary infections 1 Flashcards
defences of the urinary tract
urine
physcial flushing of tubes
UTI symptosm
dysuria
burning sensation
bleeding
pain/discomfort
cystisis
bladder
dysuira
painful rinatio
routes of infection
intercourse
catherisation
due to foetal flora entering urinary tract
pyuria
urea with pus
pyelonephritis
kidney infection
fever and back pain
haematuria
blood in urine
host factors in UIT
catheritization
kideny stones (urine flow sloer)
pregnancy (presses down on bladder, smaller and harder to evacuate)
neurologic problems
diagnosis stesp
sampling of midstream urine
culture on agar plates
pure or mixed growth
gram stain of isolated bacteria or direct staining from urine sample
what would you find in urine sample
traces of protein due to increased leukocytes
raised nitrites from bacterial metabolism
main bacteria involved in UTI
e coli
proteus mirabilis
staphylococcs saprophticus
e coli is and has
gram- rod/bacillus
also causes GI infection
has adhesions for attachment to epithelium
what agar media would you use for E coli growth
cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient
then macconkey agar is e coli suspected
why use CLED media
contains lactose and lacks electrolytes to repress swarming
staining on CLED media and macconky
E coli yellow staph aureus/staph cocci etc less bright yellow proteus mirabilis translucent blue
Macconky
-pink colonies
other bacteria would just remain yellow
how to decide what strain of bacteria
PCR
what adhesions does E coli have
type I pilli
P fimbriae
what do GP level urianry dipsticks look for
nitrites
WBC
protien
pH (infection lowers pH)
protus mirabilis
gram - pleomorphic rod
swarming mobility i.e. can swarm over catheters
virulence factors of proteus mirabilis
urease( can cause ppt of minerals to form stones)
IgA protease (reduces flushing)
pili adhesions
staphylococcus saprophyticus
gram + cocci
coagulase -
haemoglutinin key to attachment cells
what is the coagulate + species
staph aureus
what is staphylococcus saprophyticus resistant to
novobiocin
treatment off UTI
Ab 3 day women, 7 men nitrofurantoin ciprofloxain penicillin
treatment in hospital
similar but may required Iv Ab nitrofurantoin Ciprofloxacin, penicllin immediate removal of Catheter
