Genetics

Question 1

What is found in the nucleus?

Answer 1

DNA, genetic code

Question 2

What is the majority of the body made up of?

Answer 2

proteins

Question 3

Where is the code in the structure found in?

Answer 3

DNA

Question 4

What is ‘Half’ of the DNA structure termed as?

Answer 4

RNA

Question 5

What is RNA used by?

Answer 5

ribosomes, makes proteins

Question 6

Define Transcription

Answer 6

the creation of RNA from DNA (DNA splitting)

Question 7

Define mRNA

Answer 7

messenger RNA

Question 8

How is RNA created?

Answer 8

from replicating a strand of DNA

Question 9

What is RNA polymerase?

Answer 9

enzyme that unzips and rezips DNA strand- mRNA is created

Question 10

How are ribosomes transported around the cell?

Answer 10

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Stages of Transcription

Answer 11

1. RNA polymerase- splitting DNA for replication
2. mRNA- the code
3. tRNA & ribosomes- printer for amino acids

Question 12

What new proteins are created through protein synthesis?

Answer 12

antibodies
enzymes
keratin

Question 13

What DNA structure is found in every cell nucleus?

Answer 13

double helix structures, tightly wound into chromosomes

Question 14

How many chromosome pairs does a dog have?

Answer 14

39 pairs

Question 14

How many chromosome pairs does a cat have?

Answer 14

19 pairs

Question 15

Define Karyotype

Answer 15

an organisms collection of chromosomes

Question 16

Define Autosomes

Answer 16

any chromosomes BESIDES sex

Question 17

Define Genotype

Answer 17

genetic make-up of an animal

Question 18

Define Phenotype

Answer 18

outward apperance of an animal (based on genotype)
geneotype + environment

Question 19

Define Locus

Answer 19

location of specific alleles (a gene) on a chromosome