Genetic Inheritance Flashcards
Define Gene
controls physical make up of animal (eye colour)
Define Allele
different versions of a gene, set from each parent (hair colour)
What do allele pairs contain?
genetic variation from BOTH parents
Different allele pairs
heterozygous
white coat father, brown coat mother
Same allele pairs
homozygous
both sets, white coat
What is a dominant gene
gene will always be expressed (whether homo or heterz) B
What is a recessive gene
must have 2 copies of recessive to be expressed b
What is a punnet square?
ascertaining the likelihood of inheritance of a trait in offspring
What are the observations of traits followung through generations?
Monohybrid- tracking one trait through generations
Dihybrid- tracking two traits through generations
Trihybrid- tracking three traits through generations
What is co-dominance?
When two dominant traits are expressed simultaneously- hierarchal of dominance
What is in-complete dominance?
When both phenotypes combined, forms a blend of physical properties
dominant allele influenced by recessive one
What is a letgal gene?
incompatible with life
What is a gene mutation?
a change in genetic sequence
What are gene mutations caused by
Internal environmental changes: hormonal
External environmental changes: temperature/ radiation
Sex cells- passed onto offspring
What is epistasis
presence of one gene affecting/stopping expression of other genes
