Nervous System Flashcards
Define Neurones/ Nerve Cells
the main part of the nervous system
What are the functions of the Nervous System?
Receive stimuli from internal and external environment
Analyse and integrate these stimuli
Causes a necessary response
Which nerves are the CNS
brain and spinal cord
Which nerves are the PNS
nerves leaving the CNS
What are the 3 types of input?
sensory
integration
motor
Sensory-
Specialised nerve cells called sensory neurons collect information and transmit impulse
Integration-
CNS processes the input
Motor-
PNS sends out impulses through motor nerves to muscles, glands and other organs
What are the Peripheral Nerves?
Cranial, Autonomic, Somatic
Cranial-
leave brain- spinal nerves leave spinal cord
Autonomic-
supply smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands involuntary control
Somatic-
supply the skeletal muscle, voluntary control
What are the 3 subdivisions of the peripheral nerve?
sympathic
parasympathetic
entric
What are Neuroglial Cells?
connective tissue supports the neurons- creates mylein sheath
How do neuroglial cells support neurons?
Protect neurons from pathogens, removes dead neurons
Physical structure/ provides nutrients
Label the Structure of a Neuron
DRAW AND LABEL
What are the different types of Neurons?
S-sensory
A- afferent - sensory
Towards CNS
Away CNS
M- motor
E- efferent - motor
What is the Interneurons Neuron?
Typically called association or relay neurons
These connect neurons to the other neurons
Lie between a sensory and motor neuron
What is the difference between Visceral and Somatic Sensory Nerves
Visceral sensory and motor nerves –Associated with the organs and body systems. Involuntary control.
Example: peristalsis
Somatic sensory and motor nerves - Associated with the somatic structures (muscles, joints, tendons). Voluntary control.
What is the synapse?
gap between neurons
What is the neuromusclar junction?
jap between muscles
What is the presynaptic neuron?
neuron before synapse
What is the postsynpatic neuron?
neuron after synapse
